Hardware

Question 1

What distinguishes computers from calculators?

Answer 1

Algorithms can be programmed into computers.

Question 2

Which of these devices can be used to control electricity voltages in computers?

a. Computer chips
b. CD-Roms
c. Vacuum tubes
d. Transistors

Answer 2

Hard DriveOnly Transistors (d)

Question 3

One byte can store _ possible characters

Answer 3

256

Question 4

_ Is a prevalent encoding standard that allows characters to be encoded with a variable number of bytes

Answer 4

UTF-8

Question 5

_ Are eletrical components used to allow transistors to do complex tasks with binary operations.

Answer 5

Logic Gates

Question 6

Why is abstraction helpful when working with computers?

Answer 6

Takes relatively complex systems and breaks it apart into simpler ideas to make it easier to think about and use.

Question 7

RAM is an acronym of…

Answer 7

Random Access Memory

Question 8

CPU is an acronym of…

Answer 8

Central Processing Unit

Question 9

HD is an acronym of…

Answer 9

Hard Drive

Question 10

MCC is an acronym of…

Answer 10

Memory Control Chip

Question 11

EDB is an acronym of…

Answer 11

External Data Bus

Question 12

What is a Bit?

Answer 12

A bit Can store an eletrical signal such as 0 or 1 (on or off).
Bit is a portmanteau of Binary Digit (Bi + t).

Question 13

What is a Byte?

Answer 13

A byte can store 8 bits (256 possibilities).
Byte is a deliberate respeling of bit, coined by Werner Buchholz in June 1956 during the design of the IBM Stretch.

Question 14

What is a Kilobyte

Answer 14

A Kilobyte can store 10³ (1.000) bytes.

Kilo means “thousand”, derived from the Greek word χίλιοι (chilioi)

Question 15

What is a Megabyte?

Answer 15

A Megabyte can store 10⁶ (1.000.000) bytes.

Mega means “Great”, “Large” or “Mighty”, derived from the Greek word μέγας (megas).

Question 16

What is a Gigabyte?

Answer 16

A Gigabyte can store 10⁹ bytes (1.000.000.000).

Giga means “Giant”, derived from the Greek word γίγας (gígas)

Question 17

What is a Terabyte?

Answer 17

A Terabyte can store 10¹² (1.000.000.000.000) bytes.
Tera means “Monster” From the Greek word τέρας (teras).

Question 18

What is a Petabyte?

Answer 18

A Petabyte can store 10¹⁵ (1.000.000.000.000.000) bytes
Peta means “Rock”, derived from the Greek word πέτρα (pétra).

Question 19

What is a Exabyte?

Answer 19

An Exabyte can store 10¹⁸ (1.000.000.000.000.000.000) bytes
Exa means “six”, derived from the Greek word ἕξ (héx).

Question 20

What is a Zettabyte?

Answer 20

A Zettabyte can store 10²¹ (1.000.000.000.000.000.000.000) bytes
Zetta means “seven”, derived from from the Greek word ἑπτά (heptá).
IDC predicts the World Wide Web data will grow to an approximated total of 175 Zettabytes by 2025 (that prediction was before AI and 4K).

Question 21

What is a Yottabyte?

Answer 21

A Yottabyte can store 10²⁴ (1.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000) bytes.
Yotta means “eight”, derived from the Greek word ὀκτώ (oktṓ).

Question 22

What’s the difference between the Decimal and Binary Data measurement system?

Answer 22

The Decimal is an approximation, while the Binary considers the exact ammount of bytes.

Question 23

What USB Stands for?

Answer 23

Universal Serial Bus.

Question 24

What functions USB has?

Answer 24

Transfer data and energy through devices and power sources.

Question 25

What are the different versions of USB?

Answer 25

**4 PINS:** * USB1.0/1.1 (White) [12Mbit/s] * USB 2.0 (Black) [480Mbit/s] **9 PINS:** * USB 3.0 (Blue) [5 Gbits/s] * USB 3.1 (Teal, Purple, Violet) [10GB/s] * USB 3.2 (Red) [20 Gbit/s]

Question 26

What function does the POST perform in a computer?

Answer 26

Figures out what hardware is on the computer and makes sure it is running properly.

Question 27

What funcion does the BIOS perform?

Answer 27

Initializes hardware and loads up drivers.

Question 28

Where are the BIOS settings stored?

Answer 28

CMOS

Question 29

What function does a driver perform on the computer?

Answer 29

Teaches the CPU how to run an external device.

Question 30

What is the Address bus?

Answer 30

Connects the CPU to the MCC, sending over data locations.

Question 31

What is ATA?

Answer 31

Advanced Technology Attachment. A standard physical interface for connecting storage devices. The most used version today is SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)

Question 32

What is ATX?

Answer 32

Advanced Technology eXtended. The most common form factor for motherboards.

Question 33

What does "Backward Compatible" mean?

Answer 33

Older versions works with newer versions.

Question 34

What BIOS stands for?

Answer 34

Basic Input Output Services

Question 35

What is cache?

Answer 35

The assigned stored location for recently or frequently accessed data. On a mobile app is where anything changed or created with the app is stored.

Question 36

What is a Charge Cycle?

Answer 36

One full charge and discharge of a battery. It is used as measurement unit for the lifespan of a rechargeable battery.

Question 37

Wich computer component provides electricity to the computer?

Answer 37

Power Supply, also called PSU (Power Supply Unit)

Question 38

What is the function of a cache on a computer?

Answer 38

Storing recently or frequently accessed data.

Question 39

What happens to data stored in RAM when a computer is turned off?

Answer 39

It is cleared

Question 40

What units are used to represent data transfer rates?

Answer 40

Mb/s (Mega Bits per second)

Question 41

A malfunctioning motherboard component is causing issues with your computer's graphics/video and memory. Which chip on the motherboard is most likely the culprit?

Answer 41

Chipset