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Google | IT Support Specialist > Hardware > Flashcards

Hardware Flashcards

1
Q

What distinguishes computers from calculators?

A

Algorithms can be programmed into computers.

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2
Q

Which of these devices can be used to control electricity voltages in computers?

a. Computer chips
b. CD-Roms
c. Vacuum tubes
d. Transistors

A

Hard DriveOnly Transistors (d)

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3
Q

One byte can store _ possible characters

A

256

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4
Q

_ Is a prevalent encoding standard that allows characters to be encoded with a variable number of bytes

A

UTF-8

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5
Q

_ Are eletrical components used to allow transistors to do complex tasks with binary operations.

A

Logic Gates

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6
Q

Why is abstraction helpful when working with computers?

A

Takes relatively complex systems and breaks it apart into simpler ideas to make it easier to think about and use.

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7
Q

RAM is an acronym of…

A

Random Access Memory

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8
Q

CPU is an acronym of…

A

Central Processing Unit

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9
Q

HD is an acronym of…

A

Hard Drive

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10
Q

MCC is an acronym of…

A

Memory Control Chip

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11
Q

EDB is an acronym of…

A

External Data Bus

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12
Q

What is a Bit?

A

A bit Can store an eletrical signal such as 0 or 1 (on or off).
Bit is a portmanteau of Binary Digit (Bi + t).

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13
Q

What is a Byte?

A

A byte can store 8 bits (256 possibilities).
Byte is a deliberate respeling of bit, coined by Werner Buchholz in June 1956 during the design of the IBM Stretch.

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14
Q

What is a Kilobyte

A

A Kilobyte can store 10³ (1.000) bytes.

Kilo means “thousand”, derived from the Greek word χίλιοι (chilioi)

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15
Q

What is a Megabyte?

A

A Megabyte can store 10⁶ (1.000.000) bytes.

Mega means “Great”, “Large” or “Mighty”, derived from the Greek word μέγας (megas).

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16
Q

What is a Gigabyte?

A

A Gigabyte can store 10⁹ bytes (1.000.000.000).

Giga means “Giant”, derived from the Greek word γίγας (gígas)

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17
Q

What is a Terabyte?

A

A Terabyte can store 10¹² (1.000.000.000.000) bytes.
Tera means “Monster” From the Greek word τέρας (teras).

18
Q

What is a Petabyte?

A

A Petabyte can store 10¹⁵ (1.000.000.000.000.000) bytes
Peta means “Rock”, derived from the Greek word πέτρα (pétra).

19
Q

What is a Exabyte?

A

An Exabyte can store 10¹⁸ (1.000.000.000.000.000.000) bytes
Exa means “six”, derived from the Greek word ἕξ (héx).

20
Q

What is a Zettabyte?

A

A Zettabyte can store 10²¹ (1.000.000.000.000.000.000.000) bytes
Zetta means “seven”, derived from from the Greek word ἑπτά (heptá).
IDC predicts the World Wide Web data will grow to an approximated total of 175 Zettabytes by 2025 (that prediction was before AI and 4K).

21
Q

What is a Yottabyte?

A

A Yottabyte can store 10²⁴ (1.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000) bytes.
Yotta means “eight”, derived from the Greek word ὀκτώ (oktṓ).

22
Q

What’s the difference between the Decimal and Binary Data measurement system?

A

The Decimal is an approximation, while the Binary considers the exact ammount of bytes.

23
Q

What USB Stands for?

A

Universal Serial Bus.

24
Q

What functions USB has?

A

Transfer data and energy through devices and power sources.

25
Q

What are the different versions of USB?

A

4 PINS:
* USB1.0/1.1 (White) [12Mbit/s]
* USB 2.0 (Black) [480Mbit/s]
9 PINS:
* USB 3.0 (Blue) [5 Gbits/s]
* USB 3.1 (Teal, Purple, Violet) [10GB/s]
* USB 3.2 (Red) [20 Gbit/s]

26
Q

What function does the POST perform in a computer?

A

Figures out what hardware is on the computer and makes sure it is running properly.

27
Q

What funcion does the BIOS perform?

A

Initializes hardware and loads up drivers.

28
Q

Where are the BIOS settings stored?

A

CMOS

29
Q

What function does a driver perform on the computer?

A

Teaches the CPU how to run an external device.

30
Q

What is the Address bus?

A

Connects the CPU to the MCC, sending over data locations.

31
Q

What is ATA?

A

Advanced Technology Attachment. A standard physical interface for connecting storage devices. The most used version today is SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)

32
Q

What is ATX?

A

Advanced Technology eXtended. The most common form factor for motherboards.

33
Q

What does “Backward Compatible” mean?

A

Older versions works with newer versions.

34
Q

What BIOS stands for?

A

Basic Input Output Services

35
Q

What is cache?

A

The assigned stored location for recently or frequently accessed data. On a mobile app is where anything changed or created with the app is stored.

36
Q

What is a Charge Cycle?

A

One full charge and discharge of a battery. It is used as measurement unit for the lifespan of a rechargeable battery.

37
Q

Wich computer component provides electricity to the computer?

A

Power Supply, also called PSU (Power Supply Unit)

38
Q

What is the function of a cache on a computer?

A

Storing recently or frequently accessed data.

39
Q

What happens to data stored in RAM when a computer is turned off?

A

It is cleared

40
Q

What units are used to represent data transfer rates?

A

Mb/s (Mega Bits per second)

41
Q

A malfunctioning motherboard component is causing issues with your computer’s graphics/video and memory. Which chip on the motherboard is most likely the culprit?

A

Chipset

Google | IT Support Specialist (6 decks)

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