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2 Oral Biology > Hard Tissue Biology > Flashcards

Hard Tissue Biology Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What r the 3 hard tissues of teeth?

A

Enamel
Dentine
Cementum

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2
Q

Name this part of the tooth

A

Enamel

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3
Q

Name this part of the tooth

A

Amelodentinal junction

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4
Q

Name this part of the tooth

A

Dentine

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5
Q

Name this part of the tooth

A

Cementum

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6
Q

Name this part of the tooth

A

Pulp

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7
Q

Order from most to least mineralised
Cementum, enamel, dentine

A

Enamel, dentine, cementum

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8
Q

Order from containing most to least matrix
Dentine, enamel, cementum

A

Cementum, dentine, enamel

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9
Q

Order from most to least water content
Dentine, enamel, cementum

A

Cementum, dentine, enamel

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10
Q

What is the main organic component of dentine matrix?

A

Collagen

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11
Q

What is hydroxyapatite?

A

Relatively large crystallite structure that makes dental structures hard

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12
Q

What is the unit structure of hydroxyapatite? 5

A

Hexagonal
OH ion
Surrounded by 3 Ca ions
Surrounded by 3 PO ions
Enclosed by 6 Ca ions

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13
Q

Why does apatite not form spontaneously?

A

The body is saturated in calcium and phosphate so mineral would form everywhere in the body

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14
Q

Mineral requires what to form?

A

A template molecule
Epitaxy

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15
Q

Name 3 epitactic agents

A

Specific collagens
Dentine phosphoprotains
Enamel proteins e.g. amelogenin

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16
Q

Note this 3D structure of hydroxyapatite

A
17
Q

What is heteroionic exchange?

A

OH is exchanged for another ion such as fluoride

18
Q

Compared to hydroxyapatite, fluorapatite is ? 2

A

More stable
More acid resistant

19
Q

How does fluoride make apatite more acid resistant?

A

Lowers the critical pH
below which apatite dissolves

20
Q

If oral/plaque pH is above the critical value what happens? 2

A

Fluids are supersaturated
Promotes remineralisation

21
Q

If oral/plaque pH is below the critical value what happens? 2

A

Fluids are under saturated
Dissolution occurs

22
Q

What is the critical pH of hydroxyapatite?

A

5.5

23
Q

What is the critical pH of fluorapatite

A

4.5

24
Q

Enamel is formed by what?

A

Ameloblasts

25
Q

3 adjectives for enamel

A

Non-vital
Hard
Brittle

26
Q

What is the structure of enamel?

A

Tightly packed hydroxyapatite crystals

27
Q

What is the basic unit of enamel?

A

Enamel prism or rod

28
Q

What do u use to cut enamel? 3

A

High speed handpiece
Diamond bur
Or
Tungsten carbide bur

29
Q

How is surface enamel different to subsurface enamel? 4

A

No prisms
More mineralised
Higher fluoride levels
More resistant

30
Q

Structure of dentine 2

A

Specialised connective tissue
Tubular

31
Q

What 2 things r used to cut sound dentine?

A

Diamond bur - high speed
Bladed bur - low/high speed

32
Q

What is used to cut carious dentine? 2

A

Bladed bur
Hand excavator

33
Q

Dentine tubules may contain what? 3

A

Cell processes
Nerves
Fluid

2 Oral Biology (5 decks)

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