Happy Emotions COPY Flashcards
riant
laughing; smiling; merry; cheerful
Word origin of ‘riant’
Fr, prp. of rire < L ridere, to laugh: see ridicule
funny
adjective
- causing laughter; laughable; amusing; humorous
- Informal
a. out of the ordinary; strange; queer
b. deceptive or tricky
Someone or something that is funny is amusing and likely to make you smile or laugh.
humorous
adjective
- causing lighthearted laughter and amusement; comic: “a humorous and entertaining talk”
▪ having or showing a sense of humor: “his humorous gray eyes”
In ancient and medieval physiology, “any of the four body fluids” (blood, phlegm, choler, and melancholy or black bile) whose relative proportions were thought to determine physical condition and state of mind.
This led to a sense of “mood, temporary state of mind” (first recorded 1520s);
the sense of “amusing quality, funniness, jocular turn of mind” is first recorded 1680s, probably via sense of “whim, caprice” as determined by state of mind (1560s), which also produced the verb sense of “indulge (someone’s) fancy or disposition.”
hilarious
adjective
- noisily merry; boisterous and joyous
- producing great merriment; very funny
hilarity (n.)
mid-15c., from Latin hilaritatem (nominative hilaritas) “cheerfulness, gaiety, merriment,” from hilaris “cheerful, merry,” from Greek hilaros “cheerful, merry, joyous,” related to hilaos “graceful, kindly,” and possibly from a suffixed form of the PIE root *sel- (2) “happy, of good mood” (see silly). In ancient Rome, Hilaria (neuter plural of hilaris) were a class of holidays, times of pomp and rejoicing; there were public ones in honor of Cybele at the spring equinoxes as well as private ones on the day of a marriage or a son’s birth.
giggly
agrin
adverb
in a grinning manner
laughing
- that laughs or appears to laugh a laughing brook
- uttered with laughter a laughing remark
giddy
adjective
inconstant; fickle, impulsive; scatterbrained
frivolous; flighty; heedless
If you feel giddy with delight or excitement, you feel so happy or excited that you find it hard to think or act normally.
ME gidie < OE gydig, insane, prob. < base (*gud) of god, god + -ig (see -y3): hence, basic meaning “possessed by a god”
droll
adjective
amusing in a quaint or odd manner; comical
droll (adj.)
1620s, from French drôle “odd, comical, funny” (1580s), in Middle French a noun meaning “a merry fellow,” possibly from Middle Dutch drol “fat little fellow, goblin,” or Middle High German trolle “clown,”
ultimately from Old Norse troll “giant, troll”
risible
having a tendency to laugh
risible (adj.)
1550s, “given to laughter,” from Middle French risible (14c.) and directly from Late Latin risibilis “laughable, able to laugh,” from Latin risus, past participle of ridere “to laugh,” a word which, according to de Vaan, “has no good PIE etymology.” Meaning “capable of exciting laughter, comical” is from 1727.
bonhomous
full of cheerful friendliness:
*** homiedervice from homme (man)
homme derives from the IEP *dhghem- root meaning “earth.”
compare idiom: down to earth
bonhomie (n.)
“frank and simple good nature,” 1803, from French bonhomie “good nature, easy temper,” from bonhomme “good man” (with unusual loss of -m-), from bon “good” (see bon) + homme “man,” from Latin homo “man” (see homunculus). The native equivalent is goodman. Bonhomme “member of an order of begging friars” is from 1620s.
bon (adj.)
French, literally “good” (adj.), from Latin bonus “good” (see bonus). It has crossed the Channel in phrases such as bon appétit, literally “good appetite” (1860); bon-ton “good style” (1744); bon mot (1735), etc. Compare boon, bonhomie.
*dhghem-
Proto-Indo-European root meaning “earth.”
It forms all or part of: antichthon; autochthon; autochthonic; bonhomie; bridegroom; camomile; chameleon; chernozem; chthonic; exhume; homage; hombre; homicide; hominid; Homo sapiens; homunculus; human; humane; humble; humiliate; humility; humus; inhumation; inhume; nemo; ombre; omerta.
It is the hypothetical source of Sanskrit ksam- “earth” (opposed to “sky”); Greek khthon “the earth, solid surface of the earth,” khamai “on the ground;” Latin humus “earth, soil,” humilis “low;” Lithuanian žeme, Old Church Slavonic zemlja “earth;” Old Irish du, genitive don “place,” earlier “earth.”
jocund
marked by high spirits and lively mirthfulness
Middle English, from Late Latin jocundus, alteration of Latin jucundus, from juvare to help
late 14c., “pleasing, gracious; joyful,” from Old French jocond or directly from Late Latin iocundus (source of Spanish jocunde, Italian giocondo), variant (influenced by iocus “joke”) of Latin iucundus “pleasant, agreeable,” originally “helpful,” contraction of *iuvicundus, from iuvare “to please, benefit, help, give strength, support,” which is from a PIE source perhaps related to the root of iuvenis “young person” (see young (adj.)).
carefree
adjective
without worry or responsibility; free from troubles
OE caru: “sorrow, anxiety, grief,”
from PIE root *gar- “cry out, call, scream
airy
adjective [ADJECTIVE noun]
someone’s behaviour which is light-hearted and casual about things which some people take seriously.
Giving them an airy wave of his hand, the Commander sailed past.
graded adverb [ADVERB with verb]
‘I’ll be all right,’ he said airily. ‘Getting a new job won’t be a problem’
amazed
filled with incredulity or surprise
- I was absolutely amazed.*
- More than 50 amazed onlookers witnessed the brawl.*
- He said most of the cast was amazed by the play’s success.*
- I was amazed that I managed to do it.*
verb: amaze to overwhelm or confound with sudden surprise or wonder
amused
adjective
1. believing something to have a humorous quality
He was not amused.
Sara was not amused by Franklin’s teasing.
We were amused to see how assiduously the animal groomed its fur.
She was smiling enigmatically as if amused by some private joke.
We were amused at the antics of the chimps.
He was most amused by the story.
2. pleasantly occupied
Having pictures to colour will keep children amused for hours.
Archie kept us amused with his stories.
from a “at, to” (from Latin ad, but here probably a causal prefix) + muser “ponder, stare fixedly. Literally: to cause to ponder
Original meaning was to divert attention away from serious things, and the word meant to decieve or cheat by first occupying someone’s attention.
astonished
adjective: to be filled with sudden wonder or great surprise; amazed
* Sometimes they look as if they are astonished to see you there, sometimes they just look cross.*
astonish (v.)
c. 1300, astonien, “to stun, strike senseless,” from Old French estoner “to stun, daze, deafen, astound,” from Vulgar Latin *extonare, from Latin ex “out” (see ex-) + tonare “to thunder” (see thunder (n.)); so, literally “to leave someone thunderstruck.” The modern form (influenced by English verbs in -ish, such as distinguish, diminish) is attested from 1520s. The meaning “amaze, shock with wonder” is from 1610s.
beatific
adjective
1. displaying great happiness, calmness, etc
a beatific smile
2. of, conferring, or relating to a state of celestial happiness
from beāre to bless + facere to make = To make blessed
bemused
adjective
1, to be puzzled, confused
2, to be plunged in thought; preocupied
body language: When the boy reluctantly handed his abysmal report card to his father, the man gazed at the failing grades and then looked up in the air with a bemsued expression wondering why all of the extra tutoring had failed. HIs son peered up at his father, who had inclined his head upwards with flaring nostrils, and felt disconsolate remorse at having disappointed him.
verb
If something bemuses you, it puzzles or confuses you.
The sheer quantity of detail would bemuse even the most clear-headed author
muse (v.) “to reflect, to be absorbed in thought
the be prefix here means thoroughly (intensifier)
literally “to stand with one’s nose in the air” related to the word muzzle. Possibly a metaphor borrowing the image of a dog sniffing the air after loosing the scent.
blissful
adjective
- serenely joyful or glad
- blissful ignorance - If someone is in blissful ignorance of something unpleasant or serious, they are totally unaware of it.
**blissful combines the feelings of joy with serenity, or peacefulness
in later Old English of spiritual joy, perfect felicity, the joy of heaven;
cavalier
adjective.
- free and easy
- casual or indifferent toward matters of some importance
- disdainful, showing a haughty disregard; arrogant; supercilious, offhand
content
adjective (postpositive)
1. mentally or emotionally satisfied with things as they are
2. assenting to or willing to accept circumstances, a proposed course of action, etc
key concept: a person’s desires are held together (restrained)
from Latin contentus contented, that is, having restrained desires, from continēre to restrain
contain (v.)
from Latin continere (transitive) “to hold together, enclose,”
from com “with, together” (see com-) + tenere “to hold,”
from PIE root *ten- “to stretch.
contented
adjective
accepting one’s situation or life with equanimity and satisfaction
convivial
adjective
- having to do with a feast or festive activity
- fond of eating, drinking, and good company; sociable; jovial
L convivialis < convivium, a feast
< convivere, to carouse together
< com-, together + vivere, to live:
delighted
adjective
- to be extremely pleased and excited about something
- to be extremely pleased to do something
* I was delighted to see him.*
* I was delighted to help him.*
ebullient
adjective
- overflowing with enthusiasm or excitement; exuberant
- boiling
C16: from Latin ēbullīre to bubble forth, be boisterous, from bullīre to boil
Figurative sense of “enthusiastic” is first recorded 1660s.
ecstatic
adjective
- in a trancelike state of great rapture or delight
- showing or feeling great enthusiasm
* ecstatic applause*
ecstatic (adj.)
1590s, “mystically absorbed,” from Greek ekstatikos “unstable, from ekstasis (see ecstasy).
Meaning “characterized by or subject to intense emotions” is from 1660s, now usually pleasurable ones, but not originally always so.
elated
adjective
full of high spirits, exhilaration, pride or optimism; very happy
1570s, literal, “to raise, elevate,” probably from Latin elatus “uplifted, exalted,” past participle of effere “carry out, bring forth” (see elation), or else a back-formation from elation. Figurative use, “to raise or swell the mind or spirit with satisfaction and pride,” is from 1610s
enchanted
adjective
- to be influenced by or as if by charms and incantation : bewitched
2 : to be attracted and moved deeply :
Roused to ecstatic admiration, the scene enchanted her to the point of tears —
enchant (v.)
from L rapere “hurry away, carry off, seize, plunder,” from PIE root *rep- “to snatch”
late 14c., literal and figurative, from Old French enchanter “bewitch, charm, cast a spell” (12c.), from Latin incantare “to enchant, fix a spell upon”
enraptured
to be carried off mentally with delight
rapture (n.)
c. 1600, “act of carrying off,” from Middle French rapture, from Medieval Latin raptura “seizure, rape, kidnapping,” from Latin raptus “a carrying off, abduction, snatching away; rape” (see rapt). Earliest attested use in English is of women and in 17c. it sometimes meant rape (v.), which word is a cognate of this. Sense of “spiritual ecstasy, state of mental transport” first recorded c. 1600 (raptures).
enthusiastic
adjective
Noun: a feeling of energetic interest in a particular subject or activity and a desire to be involved in it
- I find that I’m losing my enthusiasm for the game.*
- ardor did her work with energy and enthusiasm*
Noun : something inspiring zeal or fervor
his enthusiasms include sailing and fishing
What is the history of enthusiasm?
It may come as a surprise to many people, when they first look up the word enthusiasm, to see that its original meaning has to do with passion for religion, rather than passionate or eager interest in general. A brief explanation of the word’s etymology should clear this up. Enthusiasm entered the English language around the beginning of the 17th century. It was borrowed from the Greek enthousiasmos, meaning “inspiration or possession by a god.” For the first two hundred or so years that it was used in English, enthusiasm was primarily employed to refer to beliefs or passions that related to religion. By the beginning of the 18th century, however, the word began to be used to describe having strong feelings or interest in secular matters.
enthusiasm (n.)
c. 1600, from Middle French enthousiasme (16c.) and directly from Late Latin enthusiasmus, from Greek enthousiasmos “divine inspiration, enthusiasm (produced by certain kinds of music, etc.),” from enthousiazein “be inspired or possessed by a god, be rapt, be in ecstasy,” from entheos “divinely inspired, possessed by a god,” from en “in” (see en- (2)) + theos “god” (from PIE root *dhes-, forming words for religious concepts). It acquired a derogatory sense of “excessive religious emotion through the conceit of special revelation from God” (1650s) under the Puritans; generalized meaning “fervor, zeal” (the main modern sense) is first recorded 1716.
euphoric
adjective
intense happiness and excitement
Greek, from euphoros healthy, from eu- + pherein to bear — more at bear
euphoria Has Greek Roots
Health and happiness are often linked, sometimes even in etymologies. Nowadays “euphoria” generally refers to happiness, but it derives from “euphoros,” a Greek word that means “healthy.” Given that root, it’s not surprising that in its original English uses, it was a medical term. A 1706 quotation shows how doctors used it then: “‘Euphoria,’ the well bearing of the Operation of a Medicine, i.e. when the Patient finds himself eas’d or reliev’d by it.” Modern physicians still use the term, but they aren’t likely to prescribe something that will cause it. In contemporary medicine, “euphoria” describes abnormal or inappropriate feelings such as those caused by an illegal drug or an illness.
expectant
adjective
being excited about something that is belived to happen soon
expect (v.)
1550s, “wait, defer action,” from Latin expectare/exspectare “await, look out for; desire, hope, long for, anticipate; look for with anticipation,” from ex- “thoroughly” (see ex-) + spectare “to look,” frequentative of specere “to look at” (from PIE root *spek- “to observe”).
Figurative sense of “anticipate, look forward to” developed in Latin and is attested in English from c. 1600. Also from c. 1600 as “regard as about to happen.” Meaning “count upon (to do something), trust or rely on” is from 1630s. Used since 1817 as a euphemism for “be pregnant.” In the sense “suppose, reckon, suspect,” it is attested from 1640s but was regarded as a New England provincialism. Related: Expected; expecting.
