Happiness (2a)

Question 1

what is happiness according to Veenhoven (2000)

Answer 1

the degree to which someone evaluates positively the overall quality of their life

Question 2

two types of happiness

Answer 2

hedonic
eudaemonic

Question 3

what is hedonic happiness

Answer 3

belief that pursuing pleasurable experiences, and avoiding painful ones will lead to happiness
sense of happy feelings
satisfication
positive emotions

Question 4

what is eudaemonic happiness

Answer 4

pursuing happiness by finding meaning and purpose
sense of meaning to your life

Question 5

what can happiness be divided into?

Answer 5

experiencing self
remembering self

Question 6

experiencing self

Answer 6

lives in the moment

Question 7

remembering self

Answer 7

narrative of one’s story
about what life should be

Question 8

why are there cultural differences regarding happiness?

Answer 8

different ideas about what life should be about

Question 9

what is happiness NOT?

Answer 9

constant state of euphoria

Question 10

define gratitude

Answer 10

state marked by a sense of wonder, thankfulness and appreciation for life that can be expressed toward other people or impersonal or nonhuman entities

Question 11

link between gratitude and happiness

Answer 11

showing gratitude increases happiness levels

Question 12

what is happiness the most important predictor of? (COhen, 2004)

Answer 12

psychological and physical health

Question 13

what did Diener & Bissau-Diener (2008) find?

Answer 13

all participants reported experiencing more positive emotions when around other people vs alone

Question 14

disadvantages of happiness?

Answer 14

attentional bias
seeking help

Question 15

disadvantages of happiness: attention bias

Answer 15

delayed responses to detecting threats in environment

Question 16

disadvantages of happiness: seeking help

Answer 16

expressing sadness signals to others you need assistance

Question 17

what is the issue in pursuing happiness?

Answer 17

paradox - the more you pursue happiness, the less you may be able to obtain
impossible to always be happy
expectation of happiness sets self up for disappointment in its absence

Question 18

right ways to pursue happiness

Answer 18

engagement in happiness-inducing activities
accepting negative feelings = increased well-being

Question 19

correlation between success and happiness

Answer 19

better job performance
lower rates of burnout

Question 20

correlation between love and happiness

Answer 20

fulfilling relationship
finding love

Question 21

correlation between health and happiness

Answer 21

lower incidence of stroke
live longer

Question 22

what is the relationship between success/ love/ health and happiness

Answer 22

bidirectional

Question 23

what signals do people give out when happy

Answer 23

smiles/ odours/ pheromones
stimulates reward centre of other people
more successful at attracting mates, maintaining relationships and working with others

Question 24

what hormones does happiness produce

Answer 24

oxytocin
serotonin
endorphins

Question 25

what do happiness hormones create?

Answer 25

a resilient and healthy body

Question 26

broaden: Broaden and build model of happiness

Answer 26

positive emotions help you see the bigger picture more and easier access to new thoughts/ language that helps broaden your perspective on the world

Question 27

build: Broaden and build model of happiness

Answer 27

build lasting physical and psychological resources happiness signals that everything is safe/ triggers exploration, learning and creativity

Question 28

whose is the broad and build model of happiness

Answer 28

Fredrickson (1998)

Question 29

correlation between money and happiness

Answer 29

after basic needs are met, more money does not buy more happiness

Question 30

impact bias

Answer 30

tendency to exaggerate strength and duration of anticipated or future emotional reactions

Question 31

memory bias

Answer 31

emotion-congruent retrieval peak-end rule (Kahneman et al., 1993)

Question 32

what makes people happy?

Answer 32

biology life circumstances daily life

Question 33

behaviours that increase happiness

Answer 33

gratitude positive relationships generosity and helping savouring

Question 34

example of dampening savouring

Answer 34

i focus on the future i remind myself that nothing good lasts forever

Question 35

example of amplifying savouring

Answer 35

i talk to other people about how good i feel i tell myself that i deserve good things

Question 36

emotion differentiation

Answer 36

the skill of labelling emotional experience with a high degree of specificity

Question 37

aspects of emotional differentiation intervention

Answer 37

cognitive reappraisal distraction differentiate their emotions when observing a spider