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Human Anatomy and Physiology > HAP Joints > Flashcards

HAP Joints Flashcards

1
Q

synarthrotic

A

immovable

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2
Q

amphiarthrotic

A

slightly movable

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3
Q

diarthrotic

A

free movement

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4
Q

What are the three classifications of joints?

A
  • fibrous
  • cartilaginous
  • synovial
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5
Q

fibrous joints

A

dense connective tissue holding them together containing many collagenous fibers, bones that are in contact

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6
Q

cartilaginous

A

bones connected by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

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7
Q

synovial

A

most joints, allows free movement

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8
Q

types of fibrous joints

A
  • syndesmosis
  • suture
  • gomphosis
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9
Q

types of cartilaginous joints

A
  • synchondrosis

- symphysis

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10
Q

types of synovial joints

A
  • ball and socket
  • condyloid
  • gliding
  • hinge
  • pivot
  • saddle
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11
Q

flexion

A

bending knee

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12
Q

extension

A

straightening the knee

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13
Q

hyperextension

A

bending head back beyond upright position

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14
Q

dorsiflexion

A

walking on heels

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15
Q

plantar flexion

A

walking or standing on toes

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16
Q

abduction

A

lifting upper limb horizontally to form right angle with side of body

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17
Q

adduction

A

returning upper limb from horizontal position to side of body

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18
Q

rotation

A

twisting head from side to side

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19
Q

lateral rotation

A

movement toward midline

20
Q

medial rotation

A

movement toward midline

21
Q

circumduction

A

moving finger in circular motion without moving hand

22
Q

supination

A

turning hand so palm is upward

23
Q

pronation

A

turning hand so palm is downward

24
Q

eversion

A

turning foot so plantar surface faces laterally

25
Q

inversion

A

turning foot so plantar surface faces medially

26
Q

protraction

A

moving part forward, thrusting chin forward

27
Q

retraction

A

pulling chin backward

28
Q

elevation

A

shrugging the shoulders

29
Q

depression

A

dropping the shoulders

30
Q

syndesmosis

A
  • tibia and fibula

- smphiarthrotic

31
Q

suture

A
  • synarthrotic

- between bones in skull

32
Q

gomphosis

A
  • peglike root of tooth
  • tightly bound to body with collagenous fibers
  • synarthrotic
33
Q

synchondrosis

A
  • bands of hyaline cartilage unite bones
  • temporary
  • encochondral bones
  • manubrium and 1st rib
34
Q

symphysis

A
  • cartilage attached to pad of springy fibrocartilage
  • pubis and in-between vertebrae
  • amphiarthrotic
35
Q

ball and socket

A

bone with globular or slightly egg-shaped head that articulates with cup-shaped cavity; hip and shoulder

36
Q

condyloid

A

condyle of one bone fits into elliptical cavity of another bone; metacarpals and phalanges

37
Q

gliding

A

nearly flat or slightly curved

  • sliding, back and forth and twisting motions
  • wrist, ankle and vertebrae
38
Q

hinge

A

convex surface of bone fits into concave surface of another bones

  • elbow and phalanges
  • permits movement to one plane
39
Q

pivot

A

cylindrical surface of one bone rotates within ring formed of bone and ligament

  • limited to rotation around central axis
  • between radius and ulna and neck
40
Q

origin

A

fixed end

41
Q

insertion

A

movable end

42
Q

saddle

A

between bones whose articulating surfaces have concave and convex regions, surface of one bone fits complementary to other

  • movement in two planes
  • between carpal and metacarpal of thumb
43
Q

joint capsule

A

has two lyres that hold together bones of synovial joint, dense connective tissue that connects to periosteum around circumference of bone

44
Q

ligaments

A

reinforce joint capsule and help bind auricular ends

45
Q

synovial membrane

A

inner layer of joint capsule consisting of shiny, vascular lining of loose connective tissue

  • can store adipose tissue
  • secrete synovial fluid
  • reabsorb fluid in injured or infected joint
  • moisten and lubricate smooth surfaces of joints
  • gives nutrients
46
Q

minisci

A

discs of fibrocartilage that separate joint into two compartments, attaches to fibrous layer and projects into joint cavity

  • helps distribute body weight
  • cushion
47
Q

bursae

A

fluid-filled sac, contains synovial fluid

- cushion and aid in movement of tendons that glide over bony parts

Human Anatomy and Physiology (7 decks)

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