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module 4 102 > HANDS > Flashcards

HANDS Flashcards

1
Q

which muscles are in the thenar?

A

abductor pollicus brevis,
adductor pollicus,
opponens pollicus

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2
Q

what muscles in the hypothenar?

A

abductor digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi
palmaris brevis

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3
Q

where do the lumbricals come from?

A

tendon of flexor digitorum profundus

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4
Q

dorsal interossie does what?

A

abduction of digits 1-4

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5
Q

which digit is the most mobile component of the hand

A

D5

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6
Q

both lumbricals and dorsal/palmar interossie insert into the extensor mechanism?

A

yes

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7
Q

what is the primary extensor of distal and proximal ip joints?

A

extensor digitorum communis EDC

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8
Q

EDC IS A PROXIMAL EXTENSOR

A

REMEMER THAT

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9
Q

define the extensor mechanism:

A

central slip inserts into base of mid. phalanx
interossie & lumbricals go into dorsal apparatus
lumbricals is primary extensor of DIP jt
EDC is primary extensor of PIP jt

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10
Q

which nerve passes through carpel tunnel

A

median

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11
Q

does the ulnar nerve wrap around the hook of the hamate?

A

yess

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12
Q

T OR F: median nerve has largest % of pain fibers

A

true

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13
Q

is the ulnar nerve responsible for fine motor control?

A

yes

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14
Q

list the steps of digital flexing? (fisting)

A

EDC extends wrist and MCP
FDC flexes DIP
EDC relaxes, FDS flexes PIP & interossie flex MCP
power grip with full fisting= both from interossie and FDP

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15
Q

what do the interossie do?

A

extend PIPs
flex MCPs
adduct and abduct digits

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16
Q

what do the lumbricals do

A

extend DIPs

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17
Q

what does the FDP do

A

flex DIPs as a group

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18
Q

what does the FDS do

A

flexes PIP individually

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19
Q

with mallet finger, what fails?

A

extensor mechanism attaching to DIP , its a distal extensor tendon injury

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20
Q

t or f: if you lose extension of 1 joint youll get flexion?

A

true

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21
Q

define swan neck deformity

A

injury to palmar PIP joint (hyperextension)

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22
Q

what is the flexor injury template

A

3 weeks immobilized, then passive action then active flexion

1) inflammatory stage (0-4days)
2) fibroblastic stage (3-21days) wound care and elevation
3) remodelling phase (3-5 weeks) splints, ROM, NO PÂSSIVE EXTENSION

23
Q

what Is the one wound scar concept

A

tissue healing = cross linkages of collagen that hold structures together

24
Q

low loads and prolonged stretch is best for tendon injuries

A

true

25
Q

scars that are warm, moist and have less O2 heal faster true or false

A

true

26
Q

define claw hand:

A

4&5th digits, intrinsic muscles (lumbricals and interossie)
PIP & DIP flexion with MCP extension
ulnar nerve injury
cant abduct & adduct fingers

27
Q

define ape hand

A

atrophy to thenar eminence
adduction of thumb towards D2 without ability to oppose
median n injury
extensors take over for flexors

28
Q

define wrist drop:

A

radial nerve injury

EDC and extensors are rendered useless

29
Q
  • no muscle pump in hand
A

elevate to prevent swelling, blood pooling

30
Q

define dupuytrens disease

A

contractures in the fascia of hand

develops @ distal palmar crease in line with d4

31
Q

what is a contracture

A

tissue stuck in a short position

32
Q

what is a fasciectomy

A

having something removed

33
Q

what are the main movers of joints in the hand

A 
FDP
FDS
lumbricals
interossie 
EDC
34
Q

PIP flexion comes from what muscle

A

FDS !!!

35
Q

what flexes DIPS as a group

A

FDP!!

36
Q

what extends the DIPS

A

LUMBRICALS

37
Q

what do lumbricals do

A 
extend pips(lateral bands)
flex mcps (saggital bands)
adduct and abduct all digits
38
Q

why are the extensors a more common injury?

A

they are always exposed , thinner skin

39
Q

what side of the hand are the annular ligaments on

A

palmar (volar)

40
Q

the ulnar nerve innervates what? (responsible for fine motor)

A

FDP
lumbricals
interossie

41
Q

which nerve does wrist drop affect

A

radial

42
Q

muscles involved in carpal tunnel (median nerve)

A

FDS , FDP, flexor pollicus longus

43
Q

the FDS inserts on both sides of the phalanx

A

yessss

44
Q

is the FDP deep to the FDS

A

yes

45
Q

where does the FDP insert

A

distal phalanx

46
Q

what joints does the EDC act on

A

PIP
MCP
radiocarpal joint

47
Q

lumbricals come from the FDP

A

yes

48
Q

what hand condition would affect the ulnar nerve

A

claw hand

49
Q

what hand condioiton would affect the radial nerve

A

wrist drop

50
Q

what hand condition would affect the median nerve

A

ape hand (extensors take over for flexors)

51
Q

when a flexor is contracting an extensor is being stretched

A

yes

52
Q

what is the most mobile component of the hand

A

D5

53
Q

which muscles in the posterior compartment of the hand:

A

starting radial side: ABL,EPB,ECRL,ECRB,EPL,EIP,EDC,EDM,ECU

module 4 102 (3 decks)

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