Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Speech Science > Handout 7: Upper articulatory aspects of speech production > Flashcards

Handout 7: Upper articulatory aspects of speech production Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what do the intrinsic muscles of the tongue do?

A

are contained in the tongue w no external attachment

shape and produce fine movements of the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the 4 intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

superior longitudinal
inferior longitudinal
transverse
vertical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

superior longitudinal muscle of the tongue …

A

elevates the tip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

inferior longitudinal muscle of the tongue

A

pulls tip down and retracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

transverse muscle of the tongue

A

narrows, pulls edges toward midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

vertical muscle of the tongue …

A

pulls tongue down towards the floor of the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

extrinsic muscles of the tongue do what

A

have an attachment externally

work in placement and position of the tongue in the oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

genioglossus
hypoglossus
palatoglossus
styloglossus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the genioglossus muscle of the tongue…

A

retracts (anterior) or protrudes (posterior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the hypoglossus muscle of the tongue…

A

pulls sides of the tongue down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the palatoglossus muscle of the tongue…

A

elevates back of the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the styloglossus muscle of the tongue…

A

elevates and retracts the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the 5 muscles of the velar muscles? (soft palate)

A

levator veli palatini
uvula
palatoglossus
palatopharyngeus
tensor palatini

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the levator veli palatini is where + does what

A

velum

elevates velum, closes velopharynx (superior pharyngeal constrictor - squeezes lateral and posterior wall of pharynx against velum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the uvula is where and does what

A

a muscle of the velum

it elevates the velum but has a minor role

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

palatoglossus is where and does what

A

in velum

lowers velum and opens velopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

palatopharyngaus is where and does what

A

in velum
lowers velum and narrows pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

tensor palatini is where and does what

A

in velum and opens the eustachian tube

19
Q

what are the 7 muscles of the lips

A

orbicularis oris
levator labii superioris
levator anguli oris
zygomaticus major and minor
depressor anguli oris
depressor labii inferiorus
mentalis

20
Q

orbicularis oris…

A

protrudes, puckers, and closes the lips

21
Q

levator labii superioris,
levator anguli oris,
zygomaticus major and minor alll do what?

A

elevates the upper lip

22
Q

depressor anguli oris, depressor labii inferiorus, and mentalis all do what?

A

lowers the lower lip

23
Q

what are the 4 jaw muscles

A

masseter
temporalis
medial pterygoid
lateral pterygoid

24
Q

what 3 jaw muscles close the jaw

A

masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid

25
Q

what jaw muscle opens the jaw

A

lateral pterygoid

26
Q

what are the 5 methods for studying movement of the tongue

A

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

X-ray

magnetometer

ultrasound

electropalatography (EPG)

27
Q

how does an MRI measure tongue movement

A

uses a combination of strong magnetic fields and radio waves to measure tissue density and create a 3-D image of a body part

– relatively low invasiveness

  • the complete vocal tract and structures can be viewed in 3-D; slow sampling rate so limited to static or continuous speech sounds
28
Q

how does X-ray measure tongue movement

A
  • photos projected thru a body part = passes thru soft tissue more than dense
  • create 2-D image
  • produces a continuous movie of dyanmic speech movements
  • v invasive
29
Q

how does a magnetometer measure tongue movements

A

pulsing electromagnetic signals track the movement of target points on the articulators

movements = changes in signal strength

continuous movement of specific targets

expensive

30
Q

how can ultrasound be used to measure tongue movements

A

waves projected into body and reflected

tongue can be imaged continuously during speech

non invasive and not expensive

31
Q

how does electropalatography EPG measure tongue movements

A

mini electrodes on artificial palate

tongue contact w continuous speech

not invasive and reasonable cost

32
Q

2 methods for studying velum (soft palate) - second is a group of them

A
  • nasendoscopy
  • MRI/Xray/magnetometer
33
Q

what are the 3 ways to measure movement of the lip and jaw

A

lip/jaw strain gage

optotrak

magnetometer

34
Q

lip/jaw strain gage measures lip/jaw movement by

A

uses small steel beams - when they bend they create electrical signal

2D/3D image, continuous speech

not invasive, not expensive

35
Q

optotrak measure lip/jaw movements by

A

infared light emitting diodes (markers) attached to the articulators

the light emitting markers are recorded and tracked using 3 cameras; 3-D traces of the markers can be obtained during continuous speech

not invasive; reasonable cost ; only for visible articulators

36
Q

describe the movement of our lips/jaw during speech, what about chewing?

A

upper lip movements are relatively small

jaw movements are strongly coupled (occur in parallel) with lower lip or tongue movements and usually add together to produce larger lip+jaw or tongue+jaw movements

jaw for chewing 40mm; max. opening 60mm; at rest jaw open about 3mm

37
Q

describe how maximum repetition rates (MRR) change based on age

A

MRR = How quick you can say a syllable

under 10 years of age MRR are slower than adults by 1-2 syll/sec

geriatric indvs have MRR slower than young adults (dec q1-2 syll/s)

men may be slightly faster than women

38
Q

what is the max force of the upper lip closing

A

4 N

39
Q

what is the max force of the lower lip closing

A

12 N

40
Q

what is the tongue tip protrusion force

A

20 N

41
Q

what is the jaw closing force

A

+100 N

42
Q

what part of the articulation sys has the smallest closing force, the biggest?

A

upper lip 4N, jaw +100N

43
Q

forces using during speech production are approx ___ or ___ (____%of max)

A

2N or less, 10-20%

Speech Science (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions