Handout 6

Question 1

is defined as the scientific study of the mind and behavior, actively involved in studying and understanding the various mental processes, brain functions, and behavior of humans

Answer 1

Psychology

Question 2

is the accumulation of all its elements capable of sustaining and perpetuating itself based on the endorsement and participation of the people through their own volition

Answer 2

popular culture

Question 3

The popular notion of popular culture is that only a few icons and trends remain relevant for a long time. Others just come and go.

Answer 3

Queer Theory

Question 4

are things that have the same meanings in different cultures. They may show up in dreams, literature, art, or religion.

Answer 4

Archetypes

Question 5

Type of archetype identifier that represents an authority figure - stern and powerful. Its moral alignment shall dictate how others perceive him.

Answer 5

Father Archetype

Question 6

archetype identifier that represents the well-known maternal instincts - nurturing and comforting. Its moral alignment shall dictate how others perceive her.

Answer 6

Mother Archetype

Question 7

archetype identifier that represents a person’s views of children - full of innocence, renewed life, and salvation.
Its moral alignment shall dictate how others perceive them.

Answer 7

Child Archetype

Question 8

is a way to think about culture, history, and politics that looks at things that aren’t words. it make us who we are, but they aren’t always under our control or even in our awareness.

Answer 8

Affect theory

Question 9

is a term that describes any and all psychological ideologies, therapies, and other techniques that gained traction through media

Answer 9

Popular psychology

Question 10

Perhaps the most worrisome aspect of popular culture is that the success of some icons and trends stems from the notion that some of the working class begin to lose themselves to the icons and/or trends they wholeheartedly follow, to the point of devotion.

Answer 10

Identity Erosion

Question 11

occurs because when a person is busy with something in their life, their sense of self begins to identify with the ones they poured themselves

Answer 11

Self-erosion

Question 12

which is a popular trend that is mostly based on false, stereotypical ideas about indigenous people, has become a big thing in pop culture.

Answer 12

Tribalism

Question 13

Individuals are shaped by their culture, and these cultures make up closed organic wholes. The individual can’t leave his or her culture but can only see himself or herself in it, not outside of it.

Answer 13

Culturalism

Question 14

have divided popular culture into two (2) groups: those that people have made themselves, like folk art or stories, and those that were made for them, like commercial TV, advertising, arcade video games, and music.

Answer 14

Marxists

Question 15

it pushes people to challenge the established norms of certain cultural groups.

Answer 15

countercultures

Question 16

rejects universal explanations and instead focuses on the relative truths of each individual

Answer 16

Postmodernism

Question 17

is derived from the French (and originally Latin) word for “kind” or “class” (Chandler, 1997).

Answer 17

Genre

Question 18

explains how individual characteristics such as race, class, and gender, among others, “intersect” with one another.

Answer 18

intersectionality

Question 19

are interpretations of work by fans that are debated, compared, and shared in various fan communities. They forecast or deduce future content, explain particular occurrences, or provide other viewpoints.

Answer 19

Fan theories

Question 20

a form of discourse where a fan shares the probable origin or cause of something despite the lack of evidence in a source material, which the author had unintentionally or deliberately left behind for theory-crafting.

Answer 20

headcanon

Question 21

is simply defined as the study of signs. Since there are several concepts in the study of signs, depending on the tradition, it may be called semiology in the Saussurean tradition and semiotics in Peircean tradition.

Answer 21

Semiotics

Question 22

is a form that the sign takes;

Answer 22

signifier

Question 23

is the concept the sign represents.

Answer 23

signified

Question 24

The form which the sign takes (but not necessarily material);

Answer 24

Representamen

Question 25

the sense made of the sign

Answer 25

Interpretant

Question 26

to which the sign refers.

Answer 26

Object

Question 27

red-light facing traffic at an intersection

Answer 27

Representamen

Question 28

the idea that the red light indicates that the vehicles must stop.

Answer 28

Interpretant

Question 29

vehicles halting

Answer 29

Object

Question 30

linguists study not only language but also visual features and elements such as images, color, the layout of pages, and even material objects and architecture.

Answer 30

Multimodality

Question 31

This indicates that in some texts, when some elements are changed, replaced, removed, or simplified, there is a presumed idea that this has taken place.

Answer 31

Recontextualization

Question 32

This is the process wherein some aspects are deleted in any social practice (such as people, action, setting, etc.) as no representations in social practice can represent all the aspects of it.

Answer 32

Deletion

Question 33

This is the process where elements were added to represent the text even further.

Answer 33

Addition

Question 34

This is the process wherein there are changes or rearrangements by abstractions and generalizations in order to represent events or texts accordingly.

Answer 34

Substitution

Question 35

This is the process where the events and people are generalized in the text.

Answer 35

Evaluation