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Philippine Popular Culture > Handout 3 > Flashcards

Handout 3 Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

is defined as a group of people within a society who possess the same socioeconomic status (Britannica, 2019).

A

Social Class

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2
Q

is a large group of people who live along or below
the poverty line.

A

Lower Class

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3
Q

collectively called the working class, is the
largest and most diverse group of people who lives along and beyond the poverty line.

A

Middle Class

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4
Q

is a somewhat small group of people who live beyond the poverty line.

A

Upper Class

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5
Q

The highest position in Filipino society is covered by two (2) people

A

Datu and Babaylan

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6
Q

was composed of the feudal lords who agreed to band with each other as an unbreakable alliance.

A

maharlika

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7
Q

were the group of people that served under the maharlika as their vassals.

A

maginoo

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8
Q

were simply the people who lived freely and in the service of the land.

A

Timawa

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9
Q

is the lowest major caste in the pre-colonial Filipino caste system.

A

alipin

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10
Q

serve as workers of the land, similar to peasants in Western feudal classes.
They were not
necessarily poor - they just got a tract of land from the higher castes and vowed to work on them to support the community

A

aliping namamahay

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11
Q

were the lowest of the low because they represent actual slaves. Typically composed of prisoners of war from other tribes or communities, they worked tirelessly in order to earn their freedom.

A

aliping saguiguilid

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12
Q

had base taxes; they paid the minimum amount of tax.

A

Indios (i.e., Filipinos) and Aetas

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13
Q

pay taxes despite having mixed heritage. This is because not all members contain spanisn blood.

A

Mestizajes

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14
Q

were the first natural-born Filipinos with pure
Spanish blood. Hence, they were also called Filipinos.

A

Insulares

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15
Q

are simply Spaniards born from the American colonies such as Mexico, Puerto Rico, and Cuba, to name some.

A

Americanos

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16
Q

were Spaniards that came from the Iberian
Peninsula where Spain and Portugal are located. They were exempted from paying taxes and held the most power and influence.

A

Peninsulares

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17
Q

it is the intermarriage of a Filipino and a
Spaniard.

A

mestizo de Español

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18
Q

was the term used here in the Philippines
to clasify either a mestizo de Español with chinese
blood, a mestizo de Sangley with Spanish blood, or someone with Spanish and Chinese blood.

A

Tornatras

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19
Q

were people with Filipino and
Bombay (i.e., Indian) heritages.

A

mestizo de Bombay

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20
Q

were people with Filipino and
Chinese heritages.

A

mestizo de Sangley

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21
Q

is a popular icon representing the
countercultural movement and rebellion which earned him dichotomous infamy.

A

Ernesto “Che” Guevara

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22
Q

refers to the biological trait that determines one’s reproductive function based on the gametes present.

A

Sex

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23
Q

is a spectrum of characteristics of women, men, boys, and girls that are socially constructed, of which it includes norms, behaviors, and roles associated with being one’s self and their relationship with others (World Health Organization, n.d.)

A

Gender

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24
Q

is the term used to describe one’s inclination to another person in terms of romance (i.e., to love and be loved), emotions, and/or sexual urges.

A

Sexual orientation

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25
Q

is the term used to describe one’s attraction to men and/or masculinity.

A

Androphilia

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26
Q

Men who are attracted to other men are known as

A

gay

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27
Q

women who are attracted to men are deemed

A

heterosexual

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28
Q

is the term used to describe one’s attraction to
Women and/or femininity.

A

Gynephilia

29
Q

People who are experiencing both androphilia and gynephilia are called

A

Bisexual

30
Q

attracted to all people regardless of sexual orientation - meaning, they love all sexes (and genders).

A

Pansexual

31
Q

people with no sexual attraction to other sexual orientation or genders.

A

Asexual

32
Q

is the term used to describe one’s self-evaluation regarding their gender.

A

Gender identity

33
Q

• People whose gender is identified with the sex they are born
in are categorized under

A

cisgender

34
Q

Men who identify as male (regardless of sexual orientation)

A

Cismale

35
Q

women who identify as female (regardless Of.
sexual orientation)

A

Cisfemale

36
Q

People whose gender is identified with the notion that they were born in the wrong sex are categorized as

A

Transgender

37
Q

Men who identify as female (regardless of sexual orientation)
are called

A

transwomen

38
Q

while women who identify as
male
(regardless of sexual orientation) are

A

transmen

39
Q

their gender does not fall into either cis or trans categories.

A

genderqueer (queer)

40
Q

they do not strictly conform to the categories of sexual orientation nor to the categories of gender identity.

A

Agender (non-binary)

41
Q

is the term used to describe how people express their gender through actions, mannerisms, and even through fashion choices.

A

Gender expression

42
Q

is the expression whose qualities or attributes are regarded as characteristically male.

A

Masculinity

43
Q

is the expression whose qualities or attributes are regarded as characteristically female.

A

Femininity

44
Q

is the expression of both male and female qualities or attributes.

A

Androgyny

45
Q

is written and deliberated in the legislative branch.
This bill, when ratified, ensures that everyone enjoys the same human rights to live, to work, to express themselves, to love and marry the ones they love, and to be free of discrimination.

A

Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression Bill
(or SOGlE Bill )

46
Q

such as he/him for males, she/her for females, they/them (or sometimes one’s name for people who want to be gender-neutral

A

proper use of pronouns to address someone,

47
Q

is the idea that the human species is divided into distinct groups based on their shared inherited physical and behavioral differences

A

Race

48
Q

defined as the behaviors or attitudes that reflect and foster the belief that race is a fundamental determinant of human traits, where differences make one
superior

A

Racism

49
Q

the inherent idea that humankind is split into separate and unequal races

A

Racial Science

50
Q

the “Father of Modern Taxonomy,” paved the
way to accurately differentiate species from one another

A

Carolus Linnaeus,

51
Q

a renowned Dutch physician, believed that the ancient Greeks almost achieved human perfection

A

Petrus Camper

52
Q

coined the term “Caucasian” to describe people that lived on the slopes of Mount Caucasus in Europe, essentially giving a racial name to white people

A

•Johan Friedrich Blumenbach

53
Q

the “Father of American School of Ethnography,”

A

Samuel George Morton,

54
Q

is defined as the conscientious act of taking something for one’s own gain, usually without the expressed permission from the owner.

A

Appropriation

55
Q

the use of objects and/or elements of a non-dominant culture in ways that either disrespect the sanctity of the material, discredit the origin of the material, reinforce stereotypes, or contribute to racial oppression.

A

cultural appropriation,

56
Q

such as stories and knowledge of the malgenous peoples not being recognized nor created In research materials.

A

Intellectual property,

57
Q

such as American Indian feather headdresses worn in visual media without consent nor credit

A

Artifacts

58
Q

such as Gucci selling US$ 800 turbans as an accessory,
whereas Sikhs wear them as a symbol of
devotion to their fate

A

Clothing and Fashion,

59
Q

such as the English language used by white people being the “proper” way to speak the language;

A

Language,

60
Q

such as rock music, where white people were credited for the genre and finding success while black people have been playing this genre for years and struggled to gain recognition;

A

music

61
Q

such as a Filipino running an eat-all-you-can ssamgyupsal business, never knowing that Koreans eat ssamgyupsal as bar food.

A

Food

62
Q

such as the revered Manji symbol of Buddhists being converted into the infamous Swastika used by the Nazis;

A

Religious symbols

63
Q

such as selling someting as an ethnic decoration Instead of naming where It comes trom,

A

Decorations

64
Q

such as ridiculing traditional medicine that truly works while accepting pseudoscientific
“traditional” medicine, such as homeopathy, crystal therapy, and Chinese “traditional” medicines, as alternatives.

A

Medicine

65
Q

such as the “fox-eye makeup” trend in Tiktok that accentuates the eyes to be more slanted, while Asians had to do eyelid surgery because their naturally slanted eyes were ridiculed and mocked

A

Makeup

66
Q

such as the cornrows as “okay” on whites but not on people of color, whereas it originally is worn by black people;

A

Hairstyles

67
Q

such as Chinese scripts used as tattoos, never knowing what these scripts mean;

A

Tattoos

68
Q

such as people doing yoga without researching (or knowing) its religious roots.

A

Wellness practices

69
Q

is an interdisciplinary field that cements itself on the studies on political science, sociology, history, anthropology, theology, psychology . philosophy. and other related fields to provide one with an understanding of how armed conflicts begin; to give ways on how to prevent and resolve them, and to bulla peacerul and just systems and societies

A

Peace studies

Philippine Popular Culture (5 decks)

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