Handout 1

Question 1

comprises organizations involved in the production and distribution of travel and tourism products

Answer 1

tourism industry

Question 2

the collective term given to the most recent development in the
mode (electronics) and machines (computers and communication technology) used for acquisition,
processing, analysis, storage, retrieval, dissemination, and application of information

Answer 2

Information technology (IT)

Question 3

elimination of intermediaries in
the conduct of tourism transactions. it enables direct transactions between
consumers and primary suppliers

Answer 3

disintermediation

Question 4

new intermediaries (such as online
travel agencies [OTAs]) emerged that handle tourism transactions, although several large hotel providers have
chosen not to participate in this form of distribution

Answer 4

re-intermediation

Question 5

form strategic alliances with suppliers and provide consumers with opportunities to simultaneously search the databases of their partners

Answer 5

metamediaries

Question 6

another technology-based development disrupting established relationships among tourism service providers. involves the assembly of various travel products and service components into one (1) package at the moment of request

Answer 6

Dynamic packaging

Question 7

become an essential component of tourism marketing

Answer 7

Website marketing

Question 8

particularly affected by technological developments. Their product is destinationrelated information, and such information is increasingly provided by websites

Answer 8

Destination marketing
organizations (DMOs)

Question 9

based on user-generated
content and social networking applications that provide tourism marketers with increasing challenges

Answer 9

Web 2.0 technologies

Question 10

easily damage costly branding strategies employed by tourism marketers.
These contents are perceived as more credible than marketer-based information

Answer 10

Consumer reviews and blogs

Question 11

For example, JetBlue Airways, a
New York’s hometown airline and a leading carrier in Boston, asks consumers to submit their stories online or visit their touring JetBlue Story Booth to make a recording

Answer 11

Web 2.0 marketing

Question 12

Internet technologies are used to obtain information necessary for planning travels, formulating correct expectations, and evaluating and selecting alternatives, as well as to
communicate with providers of tourism products and services to prepare or execute transactions

Answer 12

Pre-consumption

Question 13

The challenge in tourism lies in providing consumers with an opportunity for this before
the actual purchase.

Answer 13

product trial

Question 14

represent tourism products and
services in more realistic and dynamic ways than other promotional materials, play a crucial role in
offering rich travel information.

Answer 14

virtual tours

Question 15

allows consumers to contact suppliers or distributors of tourism products if they need additional information or other forms of assistance, is also a
development because of IT

Answer 15

Online customer support technology

Question 16

Internet technologies are used during the actual trip mainly for travelers to stay connected and obtain relevant en-route information at a specific place and moment in time for decision-making and on-site transactions.

Answer 16

Consumption

Question 17

means anywhere-and-anytime availability of tourism-related information for consumers

Answer 17

En route Internet access

Question 18

play an important role in this sense due to their ability to provide travelers with wireless and instantaneous Internet access.

Answer 18

Mobile technologies

Question 19

supported through a wireless application protocol (WAP), global system for mobile communication (GSM), and short message service (SMS) allow travelers to take full advantage of the Internet while on the road.

Answer 19

Cellular phones

Question 20

Empowered by geographical information systems (GIS) and global positioning system technology (GPS), in combination with information available on the Internet, these advanced mobile applications identify the traveler′s location to generate personalized assistance in the form of location-specific and time-sensitive information.

Answer 20

real-time location-based services.

Question 21

Internet technologies are used in ways that allow sharing, documenting, storing, and reliving tourism experiences, as well as establishing close relationships with places, attractions, or product and service providers

Answer 21

Post-consumption

Question 22

examples of Internet applications that provide consumers with support during the post-consumption phase

Answer 22

Virtual travel communities and social media