Hand

Question 1

what do you call the tips of the fingers?

Answer 1

pulp

Question 2

describe the arthrokinematics of the fingers

Answer 2

open chain concave on convex

Question 3

describe the orientation of the first MC

Answer 3

medially rotated 90 degrees

Question 4

what are the three palmar arches?

Answer 4

1. proximal transverse
2. distal transverse
3. longitudinal

Question 5

what do the palmar arches do? generally

Answer 5

maximize contact with the objects we grasp for dexterity and sensory

Question 6

what is the proximal transverse arch?

Answer 6

distal row of carpals

Question 7

what is the keystone of the proximal transverse arch?

Answer 7

capitate

Question 8

what does the proximal transverse arch do?

Answer 8

forms a rigid arch and the carpal tunnel

Question 9

what is the distal transverse arch?

Answer 9

MCP joints

Question 10

what is the keystone of the distal transverse arch?

Answer 10

MCP joints

Question 11

what does the distal transverse arch do?

Answer 11

mobile arch for hand flexibility

Question 12

what is the longitudinal arch?

Answer 12

the 2nd and 3rd rays

Question 13

what is the keystone of the longitudinal arch?

Answer 13

2nd and 3rd MCP joints

Question 14

is the longitudinal arch stable or mobile?

Answer 14

both: stable proximally (CMC) mobile distally (phalanges)

Question 15

what is the “central pillar” of cmc joint mobility?

Answer 15

CMC 2 and 3

Question 16

describe CMC joint mobility (3)

Answer 16

1. 2 and 3 very stable
2. 2 and 4 have one degree of freedom
3. 1 and 5 have two degrees of freedom

Question 17

what permits a cupping shape of your hand?

Answer 17

greater ulnar mobility at CMC

Question 18

describe pistol grip

Answer 18

broader grip around the pinky area to avoid active insufficiency of ulnar side finger flexors

Question 19

Which 1st CMC motions are convex on concave? concave on convex?

Answer 19

• vex on cave
  
  • abd/add
• cave on vex
  
  • flx/ext
• ***flx/ext is similar to how our fingers work!***

Question 20

what are the 2.5 component motions of thumb opposition?

Answer 20

• abduction
• flexion/medial rotation

Question 21

what increases MCP joint congruence?

Answer 21

volar/palmar plate

Question 22

what is the MCP closed pack position?

Answer 22

flexed

Question 23

what are MCP flexion and extension ROM?

Answer 23

flexion 90, extension 45

Question 24

what are PIP and DIP ROM

Answer 24

PIP 100, DIP 90

Question 25

what are the two major features of the flexor mechanism?

Answer 25

1. bursae reduce friction
2. annular ligs maintain tendons from bowstringing

Question 26

what happends if the flexor tendons bowstring?

Answer 26

reduced flexion ROM

Question 27

what needs to happen for isolated PIP flexion?

Answer 27

extensor stabilization

Question 28

what are the three primary finger extensors?

Answer 28

ED, EI, EDM

Question 29

what hand deformities result from loss of intrinsic muscle function?

Answer 29

claw hand and intrinsic minus hand

Question 30

how do intrinsics aid finger extension?

Answer 30

they stabilize the MCP and extend the PIP and DIP through the extensor hood

Question 31

what is the intrinsic plus position?

Answer 31

lumbricals and interossei co-contracting - lego hand