HAND

Question 1

What are the muscles of the Thenar Eminence?

Answer 1

Flexor Pollicis Brevis, Abductor Pollicis Brevis, Opponens Pollicis Muscle

The Thenar Eminence consists of three primary muscles associated with the thumb.

Question 2

Where do the Flexor Pollicis Brevis muscles originate?

Answer 2

Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of trapezium and scaphoid bones

This origin is crucial for the function of the Flexor Pollicis Brevis.

Question 3

What is the insertion point of the Flexor Pollicis Brevis?

Answer 3

Base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

This insertion allows for effective thumb flexion.

Question 4

What is the innervation of the Flexor Pollicis Brevis?

Answer 4

Recurrent branch of the median nerve (superficial head) and deep branch of the ulnar head (deep head)

This dual innervation is important for thumb movement.

Question 5

What is the primary function of the Flexor Pollicis Brevis?

Answer 5

Thumb flexion

The muscle plays a key role in gripping and pinching movements.

Question 6

What is the origin of the Abductor Pollicis Brevis?

Answer 6

Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of trapezium and scaphoid bones

This positioning supports the abduction of the thumb.

Question 7

What is the insertion point of the Abductor Pollicis Brevis?

Answer 7

Base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

This allows the muscle to efficiently abduct the thumb.

Question 8

What is the innervation of the Abductor Pollicis Brevis?

Answer 8

Recurrent branch of the median nerve

This innervation is vital for the abduction function.

Question 9

What is the primary function of the Abductor Pollicis Brevis?

Answer 9

Thumb abduction

It is essential for movements that require separation of the thumb from the fingers.

Question 10

What is the origin of the Opponens Pollicis Muscle?

Answer 10

Flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium and scaphoid bones

This origin plays a crucial role in its ability to perform opposition.

Question 11

What is the insertion point of the Opponens Pollicis Muscle?

Answer 11

First metacarpal bone

This allows the muscle to facilitate thumb opposition.

Question 12

What is the innervation of the Opponens Pollicis Muscle?

Answer 12

Recurrent branch of the median nerve

This innervation is essential for its function.

Question 13

What is the primary function of the Opponens Pollicis Muscle?

Answer 13

Thumb flexion, abduction and medial rotation resulting in a combined movement called opposition

This is critical for grasping and pinching actions.

Question 14

What are the muscles of the Hypothenar Eminence?

Answer 14

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis, Abductor Digiti Minimi, Opponens Digiti Minimi, Palmaris Brevis

These muscles are associated with the little finger.

Question 15

Where does the Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis originate?

Answer 15

Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

This origin supports its function in finger movement.

Question 16

What is the insertion point of the Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis?

Answer 16

Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit

This allows for flexion of the little finger.

Question 17

What is the innervation of the Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis?

Answer 17

Deep branch of ulnar nerve

This nerve innervates the muscle for its function.

Question 18

What is the primary function of the Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis?

Answer 18

Flexion of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit

This aids in gripping and manipulation tasks.

Question 19

What is the origin of the Hypothenar Muscles?

Answer 19

Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

This is crucial for their functional capacity.

Question 20

What is the insertion point of the Hypothenar Muscles?

Answer 20

Medial border of 5th metacarpal

This insertion facilitates opposition of the little finger.

Question 21

What is the innervation of the Hypothenar Muscles?

Answer 21

Deep branch of ulnar nerve

This innervation is essential for their movement.

Question 22

What is the primary function of the Hypothenar Muscles?

Answer 22

Opposition of the 5th digit

It is important for grasping and holding objects.

Question 23

What are the origins of the Interossei muscles?

Answer 23

Sides of 2 adjacent metacarpals (dorsal interossei) and palmar surfaces of the 2nd, 4th and 5th metacarpals (palmar interossei)

Their origins allow for intricate movements of the fingers.

Question 24

What is the insertion point of the Interossei muscles?

Answer 24

Bases of the proximal phalanges via the extensor expansions of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei) and 2nd, 4th and 5th digits (palmar interossei)

This allows for effective finger abduction and adduction.

Question 25

What is the innervation of the Interossei muscles?

Answer 25

Deep branch of ulnar nerve ## Footnote This innervation is vital for their function.

Question 26

What is the primary function of the Interossei muscles?

Answer 26

Abduction of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei), adduction of the 2nd, 4th and 5th digits (palmar interossei), assisting the lumbricals in extension ## Footnote This function is essential for hand dexterity.

Question 27

What is the origin of the Lumbricals?

Answer 27

Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus ## Footnote This origin is crucial for their role in finger movement.

Question 28

What is the insertion point of the Lumbricals?

Answer 28

Lateral expansions of the 2nd to 5th digits ## Footnote This allows for their unique flexion and extension capabilities.

Question 29

What is the innervation of the Lumbricals?

Answer 29

Median nerve (1st and 2nd lumbricals), deep branch of ulnar nerve (3rd and 4th lumbricals) ## Footnote This dual innervation is important for their function.

Question 30

What is the primary function of the Lumbricals?

Answer 30

Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints and extension of the interphalangeal joints of the 2nd to 4th digits ## Footnote This action is vital for complex finger movements.

Question 31

What mnemonic helps remember the Thenar muscles?

Answer 31

3 thenar muscles: abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, Opponens pollicis (+adductor pollicis) ## Footnote Mnemonics can aid in memorizing anatomical structures.

Question 32

What mnemonic helps remember the Hypothenar muscles?

Answer 32

3 hypothenar muscles: abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, Opponens digiti minimi (+palmaris brevis) ## Footnote This mnemonic simplifies learning of these muscles.

Question 33

What mnemonic helps remember the Metacarpal muscles?

Answer 33

3 metacarpal muscles: dorsal interossei, palmar interossei, lumbricals ## Footnote This is useful for recalling the functions of these muscles.

Question 34

What are the 3 abductors of digits?

Answer 34

Dorsal interossei, abductor pollicis brevis, abductor digiti minimi ## Footnote Understanding these muscles is key for grasping finger movements.