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TERM 4 > Hamster/Gerbil Dz > Flashcards

Hamster/Gerbil Dz Flashcards

1
Q

How is Parvo transmitted?

A

fecal oral route

inhalation

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2
Q

Parvo age affected?

A

2-4 weeks old

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3
Q

Parvo c/s

A

small size litter
incisor abnormality***
high mortality like every other animal

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4
Q

Parvo Gross findings

A

mainly the incisor thing

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5
Q

Parvo Histopath

A

dental pulp/enamel hypoplasia
cerebral mineralization
testicular atrophy

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6
Q

How to DX parvo?

A

PCR

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7
Q

What’s the hamster’s role in transmission of Lymphocytic choriomeningitis?

A

2nd reservoir

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8
Q

Hamster dz that’s zoonotic?

A

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis

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9
Q

Various ways LC is transmitted?

A 
nasal 
skin cuts
saliva 
urine
congenital
contaminated cell culture**
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10
Q

Age affected for LC?

A

older and is usually subclinical

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11
Q

C/S associated with LC?

A

chronic wasting

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12
Q

Histopath for LC?

A

lymphocytic infiltration and vasculitis as well as glom-nephritis

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13
Q

How to DX LC?

A

indirect fluorescence

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14
Q

Hamster polyomavirus has tropism for what?

A

undifferentiated keratinocytes and lymphocytes

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15
Q

Hamster polyomavirus transmission?

A

fecal and aerosolization

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16
Q

Hamster polyomavirus Age affected?

A

young and old—dz presents differently based on age

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17
Q

Hamster polyomavirus C/S in young (less than 2 yrs old)

A

multi centric lymphoma with decr weight, diarrhea and decreased grooming

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18
Q

Hamster polyomavirus C/S in old

A

Trichoepithelioma seen in the face neck feet abdomen regions

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19
Q

Hamster polyomavirus gross findings

A

tumors and nodules in the cutis and subcutis

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20
Q

Hamster polyomavirus histopath findings

A

Tricho originates in the follicular epithelium forming cyst ‘stuff’

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21
Q

Clostridium difficile is affiliated with what 2 conditions?

A

antibiotic associated enterocolitis

non-antibiotic associated enteropathy

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22
Q

Clostridium difficile antibiotic associated enterocolitis

A

the antibiotics used kill normal flora so that c diff proliferates. ,you get colitis –diarrhea—death as a result

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23
Q

Clostridium difficile antibiotic ass enterocolitis C/S

A

ruffled coat, dehydrated, diarrhea and acute death 2-10 days

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24
Q

Clostridium difficile antibiotic gross lesions

A

cecum distension, hemorrhage of lower intestines

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25
Q

Clostridium difficile antibiotic histopath lesions

A

pseudomembranous typhlitis

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26
Q

Clostridium difficile non-antibiotic associated enteropathy

A

no ABX use
typically associated with an atherogenic diet so you have a shit ton of diarrhea (no pun intended) associated with high fat diet

27
Q

Clostridium difficile non-antibiotic histopath lesions

A

necrotizing typhlitis with mucosal damage and leukocyte infiltration

28
Q

Tyzzer’s DZ is associated with what conditions?

A

decrease sanitation, high parasite load, poor feeding

29
Q

Tyzzer’s dz is seen in what age?

A

weanling hammies

30
Q

Tyzzer’s dz is associated with what clinical signs?

A

high mortality and the usual ruffled coat etc

31
Q

what do you see grossly with Tyzzer’s

A

hepatomegaly and necrotic plaques in the lower SI, cecum and proximal colon

32
Q

histopath for tyzzers

A

coagulative necrosis via warthrin starry or giemsa stain

33
Q

Proliferative ileitis is caused by what organism?

A

lawsonia intracellularis

34
Q

what’s the transmission for this wet tail caused by lawsonia?

A

fecal oral

35
Q

c/s seen with lawsonia wet tail proliferative ileitis?

A

usually the same as others in addition to rectal prolapse and diarrhea with matted fur. Sudden death

36
Q

Gross lesions associated with lawsonia

A

segmented ileal thickening (hyperplasia), fibrinous peritonitis with adhesions

37
Q

what’s the most common ectoparasite of hamsters?

A

demodex

38
Q

what causes infection of demodex?

A

stress

39
Q

what are the two types of demodex that typically affect hammies?

A

criceti

aurati WORSE!

40
Q

Pinwoms in hammies…is it a big deal?

A

Nope–hardly if ever pathogenic.

41
Q

Let’s talk tapeworm: what’s the name of the trouble maker?

A

Rodentolepia nana aka dwarf tapeworm

42
Q

What’s noteworthy about Rodentolepia nana?

A
  • Zoonotic
  • Direct and Indirect lifecycle
  • Autoreinfection
43
Q

What are the consequences of Rodentolepia nana?

A
  • chronic catarrhal enteritis

* mesenteric LN abscessation

44
Q

Hamster glom nephropathy primarily affects who in the hammie crew?

A

old females

45
Q

What predisposes old gals to glom nephropathy?

A

high protein in diet as well as LC virus

46
Q

what does glom nephropathy look like grossly?

A

pale kidneys with cortical depression

47
Q

Amyloidosis affects who in the hamster crew?

A

females mostly

48
Q

Amyloidosis is associated with what?

A

Hamster female protein

49
Q

Amyloidosis grossly?

A

pale, granular kidneys

hepatomegaly

50
Q

how to DX amyloidosis?

A

EM and Congo red stain

51
Q

What kind of viruses are seen in gerbils?

A

NONE

52
Q

Tyzzer’s in Gerbils..vs hamsters

A

Will see hepatic necrosis along with leukocytic infiltration n the liver, ileum and myocardium….vs hepatomegaly and necrotic plaques in the ileum, cecum and proximal colon and coagulative necrosis on histopath

53
Q

DDX for tyzzer’s?

A

c diff or salmonellosis

54
Q

Tyzzer’s is caused by which bacterium?

A

c piliforme GRAM NEG!!

55
Q

cockroaches are implicated in the transmission of which dz?

A

Salmonella type Group d….

56
Q

6 week old male gerbil died acutely…enlarged testicles, pneumonia…histopath showed hepatic necrosis…dx?

A

Salmonella type Group d….

57
Q

Group of young gerbils observed to be no longer grooming themselves regularly—now they have a buildup of porphyrin substance around the lacrimal region of their eyes…what’s the primary dz concern and how do you deal with it?

A

nasal dermatitis/sore nose caused by staph

either remove the Harderian gland or deal with sand bedding

58
Q

What does nasal dermatitis look like on histopath?

A

hyperkeratosis and hyperpigmentation

59
Q

What demodex do you typically see in gerbils

A

Meriones but could see the hamster ones as well

60
Q

Are pinworms a thing in gerbils?

A

Yep but not a big deal

61
Q

What about tapeworms in gerbils?

A

Yes! Rodentolepia nana is of concern here as well!!

62
Q

Let’s talk epilepsy in gerbils…

A

it’s stress induced/can be inherited/Gerbils 2 months plus is fair game

63
Q

You apply a topical ointment on a gerbil and within minutes it became flaccid then died. Murderer, what have you done?

A

You killed it. Any ABX in the neomycin-streptomycin group is lethal as it inhibits ACH release causing ascending flaccid paralysis, coma then death within minutes!

64
Q

You got called in to look at some slides from a deceased emaciated gerbil. you note acid fast intranuclear inclusion bodies in the kidney and liver along with microcytic and hypo chromic anemia (from blood work of course) with basophilic stippling. gross lesions were itty bitty liver and pale/pitted kidneys…what are you thinking?

A

lead toxicosis! lead tends to accumulate bc of concentrated urine in gerbils.

TERM 4 (9 decks)

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