Guinea Pigs/Chinchilla Dz Flashcards
What 2 systems does bordatella bronchisepta affect in GP?
respiratory (discharge, dyspnea and cyanosis) and genital (infertility, still births, death)
how is bordatella bronchisepta transmitted?
aerosol, fomites and genital contact…rabbits!
how is bordatella bronchisepta diagnosed?
bronchial and tracheal swab culture
what pathology is associated with bordatella bronchisepta?
cranioventral bronchopneumonia…lots of heterophils and mononuclear cells
treatment plan for bordatella bronchisepta?
lots of supportive care and some force feeding
don’t forget VITAMIN C!
antibiotics as well like some fluoros…
Which bacterium produces exotoxins?
Strep equi zooepidermicus
how is Strep equi zooepidermicus transmitted?
abrasions of skin and oral mucosa
Strep equi zooepidermicus — clinical signs are similar to which other dz?
bordatella but up to a certain point!
what are the differentiating c/s of Strep equi zooepidermicus?
cervical lymphadenitis "lumps" torticollis nasal and ocular discharge dyspnea/cyanosis abortions and still birth (kinda similar to bordatella but whatever)
pathology associated with Strep equi zooepidermicus?
abscessed encapsulated LN
general inflammation of LN
otitis media
pneumonia and then all the ‘-itis’ of the liver heart and lungs
treatment for Strep equi zooepidermicus?
surgical removal of the abscesses along with ABX (Fluor/TMS/chloramphenicol)
how can Strep equi zooepidermicus be prevented?
non-abrasive feed and keep the teeth trimmed
Guinea pig, after partuition, begins to show signs of URI. Within a few days she dies. Necropsy shows finbrinopurulent pleuritis, pneumonia, pericarditis, endometritis….what are you thinking?
Strep pneumonia
it’s transmitted aerosol, direct or during birth the Repro tract gets infected.
There can be asymptomatic carriers so be careful!
high mortality and will have URI signs!
Treat with tetra, Chloramphenicol and TMS.
C diff antibiotic typhlitis — what’s the etiology?
similar to hamsters with the antibiotics
C diff antibiotic typhlitis—what are the c/s?
similar to hamsters with the addition of hypothermia
C diff antibiotic typhlitis—what’s the pathology?
similar to hamsters with the involvement of ileum and cecum. there’s hemorrhage, hyperplasia, distension and ulceration
C diff antibiotic typhlitis—what’s the treatment?
treat symptomatically.
MEtronidazole
Yogurt
Guinea Pig Adenovirus—transmission
respiratory
Guinea Pig Adenovirus–c/s
pretty rare
dyspnea and tachypnea
acute death
Guinea Pig Adenovirus—pathology
cranial ventral lung demarcation
necrotizing bronchioles
intranuclear inclusion bodies
Guinea Pig Adenovirus—treatment
rederivation
Cytomegalovirus—associated with what virus
herpes virus
Cytomegalovirus—transmission
saliva and placenta
Cytomegalovirus—clincal signs
typically subclinical…decreased weight, conjunctivitis, lymphadenopathy
Cytomegalovirus—pathology
inclusion bodies nucleus and cytoplasm—salivary glands and renal tubules
LC in guinea pigs—…..
rare but still zoonotic
LC—transmission —
just like cytomegalovirus —saliva and placenta
LC—pathology—
like hamsters chronic wasting
Dermatophytosis—the most common brat responsible?
trichophytdon mentagrophyton
zoonotic
commonly affects nose and muzzle
causes acanthuses/lymphocytic infiltration/pustules
Why should you be careful when using Griseofulvin?
it’s teratogenic
Guinea pig comes in with extreme pruritus and generalized dermatitis. What are you thinking? mite or lice?
mite…sarcoptic (trixacuris)
Guinea pig comes in with extreme pruritus and generalized dermatitis. What are you thinking? if you’re thinking lice, how would you diagnose?
should be able to see them
Guinea pig comes in with extreme pruritus and generalized dermatitis. What are you thinking? if you’re thinking mite, how would you diagnose?
deep skin scrape
Guinea pig comes in with some pruritus and alopecia. What are you thinking?
lice—G ovalis or G porcelli (more common)
Guinea pigs—DYSTOCIA what’s the cause?
preexisting toxemia in pregnancy
pubic symphysis fails to separate so make sure to breed before 6 months
large babies
pregnancy toxemia—2 forms
preeclampsia circulatory
ketosis nutritional
preeclampsia in guinea pigs—
ischemia during late pregnancy DEATH
ketosis in guinea pigs
hypoglycemia/hyperlipidemia following 1-3 day fast during late pregnancy DEATH
pregnancy toxemia—how do we treat?
usually no point. try supportive care
Scurvy—deficiency of what?
• Deficiency of L‐gulonolactone oxidase so can’t make Vitamin C
Scurvy—c/s
often subclinical
• Weight loss, reluctance to move, swollen joints
Scurvy—diagnosed how?
history, radiographs, clinical signs and serum levels
Scurvy—treatment?
supplement with Vimatin C
make sure food isn’t expired
Ulcerative pododermatitis “Bumble Foot” cause?
staph aureus
Ulcerative pododermatitis “Bumble Foot” c/s
Enlarged, firm, ulcerated
Ulcerative pododermatitis “Bumble Foot” treatment?
debridement, ABX, analgesia, chlorhex foot soaks
Ulcerative pododermatitis “Bumble Foot” prevention?
make sure bedding is suitable
make sure they’re not obese
Malocclusion c/s
moist fur around the mouth/weight loss
Listeriosis in Chinchillas 2 forms
visceral and encephalic
visceral more common in chinchillas
Listeriosis–transmission
contaminated food/water
Listeriosis—clinical signs
• Encephalitis,abortion,septicemia(acuteinfection)
if chronic then subclinical
Listeriosis—pathology
miliary white foci on multiple organs
Listeriosis—diagnosis
based on clinical signs or even IHC
Listeriosis—prevention
good husbandry
remove contaminated hay and feed
Toxo
Vulvar bleeding
• Abortion
• Stillbirths
• Encephalitis
Toxo—clinical signs
fecal oral
Toxo-pathology
- Pulmonary hemorrhage
- Splenomegaly
- Enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes • Focal necrotic meningoencephalitis
dental disease in chinchillas
Malocclusion “slobbers”
clinical signs are distinct–the drooling the pawing at the mouth, the moist fur, etc
Fur Slip—cause
Predator avoidance syndrome • Behavioral disorder
• Nutritional imbalance
• Endocrine imbalance
use cotton/latex gloves so your oil from hands won’t damage fur!
Limb Injuries
remember the tibial fractures! typically caused by inadequate housing…no wire bottom cages.
Penile Fur Ring—c/s pathognomonic!!
Excessive grooming
• Frequent urination with minimal production • Severe pain
fur ring treatment
• Fur rings can be cut or gently rolled off w/ sterile lubricant
