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Chemistry > Halogens > Flashcards

Halogens Flashcards

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1
Q

What colour is F2 at room temp?

A

Yellow gas

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2
Q

What colour is Cl2 at room temp?

A

Yellow-green gas

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3
Q

What colour is Br2 at room temp?

A

Red-Brown Liquid

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4
Q

What colour is I2 at room temp?

A

Grey-black solid (violet/purple vapour heated)

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5
Q

What is sol of Cl2 like in water?

A

Soluble forming a green/ col sol

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6
Q

What is sol of Cl2 like in hexane?

A

Soluble forming a col sol

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7
Q

What is sol of Br2 like in water?

A

Soluble forming yellow/orange/brown sol

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8
Q

What is sol of Br2 like in hexane?

A

Soluble forming a red sol

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9
Q

What is sol of I2 like in water?

A

Virtually insoluble- but any sol formed is yellow/brown

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10
Q

What is sol of I2 like in hexane?

A

Soluble forming a violet/purple sol

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11
Q

What is disproportionation?

A

Where one species oxidised and reduced in the same r

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12
Q

State the equ of NaOh in Cl- cold and dilute:

A

2NAOH+CL2-> NACL+NACLO+H20

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13
Q

State the equ of NaOh in Cl- HOT AND CONC:

A

3CL2+6NAOH-> 5NACL+ NACLO3+ 3H2O

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14
Q

What is formed in both r with NaOh sol?

A

Yellow and green gas dis to form colourless sol

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15
Q

Why does ox ability of halogens decrease down group?

A

B/c atomic no increases
Oxidising agent gains e and becomes reduced
Halogen atom gains e in outer en level to complete en level

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16
Q

Why is F2 easier oxidised than Cl2?

A

Completes en level closer to nucleus than e. than completes outer en level in CL2
E. that F2 gains has stronger attr to nucleus b/c closer to nucleus than for a Cl2 atom
E gained by F2 not subject to as much shielding by inner e. b/c fewer e between e gained and nucleus

17
Q

Why does the reducing ability of halides increase down group?

A

Increases as atomic number increases
Reducing agent loses e and becomes oxidised- donates e
Halide ions loses e from outer en level

18
Q

Why is I2 more readily reduced than Br2?

A

E. lost by I- ion comes from en level further from e than would be lost by Br- ion
E that I- ion loses has weaker attr to nucleus b/c further from nucl compared with other halide ions
E lost by I- ion is subj to greater shielding by inner e than other halide ions b/c more e between e lost and nucleus

19
Q

What are the obs of equ:
NaF + H2SO4-> NaHSO4 + HF

A

Misty fumes
Heat released
Gas produced
S dis.
Pungent smell (HF)

20
Q

What are the obs of equ:
NaCl + H2SO4-> NaHSO4 + HCl

A

Misty fumes (HCl)
Heat rel
Gas prod
S dis
Pungent smell (HCl)

21
Q

What are the obs for equs:
NaBr+H2SO4-> NaHSO4 + HBr
2HBr + H2SO4-> Br2+SO2+2H2O

A

Misty fumes (HBr)
Heat released
Gas produced
S dis
Red- brown vapour
Pungent smell (HBr/ SO2/ Br2)

22
Q

What are the obs of sodium iodide with sulfuric acid?

A

Misty fumes
Heat released
Gas produced’
S dis
Purple vapour and grey-black s (I2)
Pungent smell (HI, SO2, I2)
Rotten eggs smell (H2S)
Yellow s (S)

23
Q

How do you test for halide ion Cl-?

A

Test using glass rod dipped in conc NH3 sol- white smoke given off (HCl)

24
Q

How do you test for Br- ions?

A

Gives Br2 vapour with conc H2SO4 acid-> red-brown fumes

25
Q

How do you test for I- ions?

A

Iodide vapour w conc H2SO4-> purple fumes/ grey-black s formed

26
Q

What are the obs when halides react with phosphoric acid?

A

Misty fumes of hydr halides

27
Q

What do Cl2 and ozone both have in common (adv)?

A

Both kill microorg

28
Q

What is the adv of using Cl2?

A

Cheaper
Prov residual protection- still in water when reaches consumer
More soluble in water than ozone

29
Q

What are the disadv of using CL2?

A

Cannot kill some microorg
Leave chem in water
Unpleasant taste
Toxic to human -> v low quant needed

30
Q

What are the adv of ozone?

A

Kills more dif types of microorg than Cl2
Breakdown pr. is o2
No residual chem in water
Removes metals and organic particles from water
No unpleasant taste

31
Q

What is the disadv of ozone?

A

More exp
No residual prot against microorg
Less sol in water than Cl2 so req special mixing techniques

Chemistry (9 decks)

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