Halogenoalkanes

Question 1

Alkane to halogenoalkane

Answer 1

Limited X2 (g), UV light
(Free radical substitution)

Question 2

Alkene to halogenoalkane

Answer 2

HX (g)
(Electrophilic addition)

Question 3

Alcohol to bromoethane

Answer 3

1. PBr3 (NOTE: If PCl5 is used to obtain chloroalkane, NO HEAT is required)
2. NaBr with conc H2SO4, heat
   (Substitution)

Question 4

Bromoethane to ethylamine (CH3CH2NH2)

Answer 4

Ethanolic NH3, heat in sealed tube
(Nucleophilic substitution)

Question 5

Bromoethane to ethanol

Answer 5

NaOH (aq), heat
(Nucleophilic substitution)

Question 6

Bromoethane to ethene

Answer 6

Ethanolic NaOH, heat
(Elimination)

Question 7

Bromoethane (CH3CH2Br) to propionitrile (CH3CH2CN)

Answer 7

Ethanolic KCN, heat
(Nucleophilic substitution)

Question 8

Propionitrile (CH3CH2CN) to propylamine (CH3CH2CH2NH2)

Answer 8

1. LiAlH4 in dry ether
2. H2, Ni catalyst, high temp and pressure
   (Reduction)

Question 9

Propionitrile (CH3CH2CN) to propanoic acid (CH3CH2COOH) and NH4+

Answer 9

Dil H2SO4, heat
(Acid hydrolysis)

Question 10

Propionitrile (CH3CH2CN) to CH3CH2CO2-Na+ and NH3

Answer 10

NaOH (aq), heat
(Alkaline hydrolysis)