Alkanes and Alkenes

Question 1

Alkane to halogenoalkane

Answer 1

Limited X2(g), uv light, heat
(Free radical substitution)

Question 2

Halogenoalkane to alkene

Answer 2

Ethanolic KOH, heat
(Elimination)

Question 3

Alcohol to alkene

Answer 3

1. Excess concentrated H2SO4, heat (170°C)
2. Concentrated H3PO4, heat
3. Al2O3, heat
   (Elimination)

Question 4

Alkene to dihalogenoalkane

Answer 4

1. X2 (l)
2. X2 in CCl4
   (Electrophilic addition)

Question 5

Alkene to halogenoalkane

Answer 5

HX (g)
(Electrophilic addition)

Question 6

Alkene to alcohol

Answer 6

Industrial method:
H2O (g), conc H3PO4, high temp and pressure

Laboratory method:
Conc H2SO4, followed by H20(l), warm
(Electrophilic addition)

Question 7

Alkene to alkane

Answer 7

H2 (g) with Ni catalyst, high pressure
(Reduction/addition)

Question 8

Alkene to diol

Answer 8

Cold dilute KMnO4, NaOH (aq)
(Mild oxidation)

Question 9

What are the products formed from the oxidative cleavage (KMnO4, dil H2SO4, heat) of an alkene carbon bonded to 2 R groups?

Answer 9

Ketone

Question 10

What are the products formed from the oxidative cleavage (KMnO4, dil H2SO4, heat) of an alkene carbon bonded to 1 R group and 1 H?

Answer 10

Carboxylic acid

Question 11

What are the products formed from the oxidative cleavage (KMnO4, dil H2SO4, heat) of an alkene carbon bonded to 2 H?

Answer 11

Carbon dioxide and Water

Question 12

Products of ethanedioic acid and KMnO4, dil H2SO4, heat?

Answer 12

Carbon dioxide and Water