Benzenes and Alkyl benzenes

Question 1

Benzene to nitrobenzene

Answer 1

Conc HNO3, conc H2SO4 maintained at 55°C
(Electrophilic substitution)

Question 2

Benzene to methyl benzene

Answer 2

CH3Cl, anhydrous AlCl3
(Electrophilic substitution)

Question 3

Benzene to bromobenzene

Answer 3

1. Br2(l), FeBr3
2. Br2(l), Fe (s)
   (Electrophilic substitution)

Question 4

Methyl benzene to 1-methyl-2-nitrobenzene or 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene

Answer 4

Conc HNO3, conc H2SO4 maintained at 30°C
(Electrophilic substitution)

Question 5

Methyl benzene to 1-methyl-2-bromobenzene or 1-methyl-4-bromobenzene

Answer 5

1. Br2 (l), FeBr3
2. Br2 (l), FE (s)
   (Electrophilic substitution)

Question 6

Methyl benzene to benzyl chloride (CH2Cl bonded to benzene)

Answer 6

Limited Cl2(g), UV light
(Free radical substitution)

Question 7

Methyl benzene to benzoic acid (COOH bonded to benzene)

Answer 7

1. KMnO4, dil H2SO4, heat
2. KMnO4, NaOH (aq), heat followed by dil H2SO4

(Oxidation)

Question 8

Ethyl benzene (CH2CH3 bonded to benzene) to benzoic acid and CO2

Answer 8

1. KMnO4, dil H2SO4, heat
2. KMnO4, NaOH (aq), heat followed by dil H2SO4

(Oxidation)