Haloalkanes Flashcards
1
Q
What are the prefixes for the halogen group?
A
f-fluoro
Cl- chloro
Br- Bromo
I- iodo
2
Q
How do you name a haloalkane?
A
- Figure out side chains and what number carbon they’re on. e.g if chlorine is on second carbon
- Figure out the alphabetical order
of side chains and write the full name.
EXAMPLE: ** There’s propane which has 3 carbons, and fluorine is on the first carbon and chlorine is on the second carbon. IT WOULD BE CALLED 2-CHLORO-1-FLUORO PROPANE**
3
Q
How do you form a haloalkane?
A
The reaction occurs over 3 stages through FREE RADICAL SUBSITUTION.
4
Q
What condition is needed for forming haloalkanes?
A
UV light
5
Q
What are the three steps in free radical substitution and how many equations come with each?
A
Stage 1: Inititaion, 1 equation
Stage 2: Propagation, 2 equations
Stage 3: Termination, 3 equations
6
Q
What is a free radical?
A
A species with a single unpaired electron.
7
Q
Why is UV light needed to start the reaction?
A
It forms the radical species (single unpaired electron)
8
Q
When does homolytic fission occur?
A
- In stage 1 when you break the Halogen to form radicals.
e.g. Cl2 forms Cl2• using UV
