Haloalkanes

Question 1

Haloalkane + Hydroxide ion

Answer 1

reagents: aqueous alkali such as NaOH(aq) or KOH(aq)

conditions: Heat under reflux

Question 2

Haloalkane + Cyanide ion

Answer 2

reagents: sodium cyanide (NaCN) or potassium cyanide (KCN)

conditions: dissolved in ethanol

Question 3

Hydrolysis of Primary Haloalkanes

Answer 3

reagents: aqueous silver nitrate AgNO3(aq)

conditions: ethanol solvent + heat (in a water bath)

Question 4

Rate of Hydrolysis of Primary Haloalkanes

Answer 4

Time Rate
Chloroalkane most slowest
Bromoalkane | |
Iodoalkane. least fastest

Question 5

Reactivity of Haloalkanes

Answer 5

Reactivity CB strength
fluoroalkane least highest
chloroalkanes | |
bromoallkanes V V
iodoalkanes most lowest

Question 6

Curly arrow

Answer 6

shows the movement of an electron pair to break or make a covalent bond

Question 7

Nucleophile

Answer 7

*A nucleophile is an electron pair donor

•It must possess a lone pair of electrons

•It is either negatively charged or neutral

Question 8

nucleophilic substitution reaction-hydrolysis

Answer 8

an electron pair donor replaces a halogen atom