Hallmarks of Cell injury continued Flashcards
See diagram with cell injury
If we don’t rectify condition we can get
hypertropy of heart
Autophagy
cells eat from inside out
lysomes eat
from inside out
karolysis
karorrhexis
breaking apart the karyotype of chromosomes within the nuculeus
endometrial lining
uterus proliferates to adapt, increase number of cells due to estrogen and progesterone thats produced during the menstrual cycle
Hyperplasia
increase number of cells
Menstruation
shedding, normal signal
atrophy
reduction in size
hypertrophy
cells get bigger
hyperplasia
plasia means cell division, proliferation and division
metaplasia
cells covert from one cell to another
dysplasia
disorganization
The plasia are reversible but
increase cancer risk
atrophy
May be physilogic or pathologic
Enometrial cells shrink
they atrophy due to lack of hormones and under go cell death
Pathologic
frontal lobe, brain atrophy, arm in cast
denervation atrophy
loss of nerve due to injury or damage
ischemic atrophy
loss of blood and nutrients
hormonal stimulation
atrophy
hypertrophy
increase in cell size in response to stress
cross section of heart
long standing htn, see thickening
hormonal stimulation
see under pregnancy, or in a muscle for demand
hormonal stimulation
can be patholoic or excessive
cardiac myocytes
terminally diff
Endometrial lining of uterus
under go hyperplasia
Psoriasis
thking of epidermis see pic
metaplasia
one cell replaces another by an immature cell
Metaplasia is
a reversible process
See metaplasia in
epitheal and connective tissue
Metaplasia
increased risk for cancer
cigarette smoking see
columnar or cilated epithelial cells with epithelial cells
Mutagens and toxins get into lungs
increase risk for cancer
endocervix see pic
see squamous metaplasia
endocervix see ex
squamous metaplasia, eg cervical cancer
endocervix see eg
squamous metaplasia, eg cervical cancer
dysplasia
disorganized growth and maturation of cellular components, seen in hyperplastic type squamous epithelial where epidermal increase with the son
ulcerative colitis , cervix, pap
dysplastic cells, not cancer but, increase risk
Dysplastic cells need to be removed or abated
due to increase risk
HPV
cervical cancer
If a person stops smoking
you can return the cells back to columunar cilated form. Shares alot of cytologic features with cancer.
You want to remove dysplastic cells that
increase cancer risk
