halfterm 3 - term 2 test Flashcards
Examples of strong acids are
Hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid
Examples of metals that react with acid
Magnesium, iron, zinc
Metal + acid -> …
Salt + hydrogen
What is the test for hydrogen
Squeaky pop
What is the formula for hydrochloric acid
HCl
The formula sulfuric acid
H2 SO4
Formula of nitric acid
HNO3
Methods of finding if something is acid or alkali
Litmus paper and pH scale(universal indicator)
Colour meaning for litmus paper
Blue + blue = alkali
Red + red = acid
Red + blue = neutral
Colour and number meaning for universal indicator (pH scale)
1-6 = acid (red - yellow)
7 = neutral (Green)
8-14 = alkali (blue-purple)
Why is universal indictor better than litmus paper
It is a more exact measurement
Examples of alkalis
Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide
Alkalis contain … ions (…)
Hydroxide (OH-)
Acids contain … ions (…)
Hydrogen (H+)
Salt made with hydrochloric acids makes a..
Chloride
Salt made with nitric acid makes a..
Nitrate
Salt made with sulfuric acid makes a..
Sulfate
Acid + alkali ->
Salt + water
Example of a acid + alkali reaction (neutralisation)
Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide-> sodium chloride + water
What is neutralisation
(Acid + alkali reaction) when the acid and alkali cancel each other out so the product is neither acid or alkali and is in the middle (pH 7)
acid + base ->
salt + water (neutralisation)
Acid + carbonate ->
salt + water + carbon dioxide
Example of acid + carbonate reaction
Sulfuric acid + sodium carbonate -> sodium sulfate + water + carbon dioxide
Test for carbon dioxide is..
Limewater turning milky/cloudy in the presence of carbon dioxide
What is a base
Insoluble version of an alkali
