Hajj - Pilgrimage Flashcards
What is Hajj?
The 5th pillar of Islam - compulsory pilgrimage to Makkah (Mecca) that every Muslim should try to do at least once in their life.
What is the Hajj to Makkah?
Place of the Ka’bah - the most sacred place in Islam
City that Muhammad designated as qibla - the direction that Muslims should offer their prayers.
Why is the Ka’bah so important?
Ka’bah is the mosque built around the black stone that has historical links back to Adam and Ibrahim.
It is believed to be the first place created on earth and the place at which heavenly bliss and power touch earth directly.
It is a symbol of Tawhid (one God)
When should Hajj take place?
Last month of the Islamic year - Dhu al-Hijja
Are there exceptions to the rule that all Muslims must perform Hajj?
Yes - for those who are physically or financially unable to go
They are expected to send someone in their place
Why is Hajj so important?
One of the 5 pillars
Commanded to do Hajj in Surah 3 in the Qur’an
Rituals were established by Muhammad - walking in his footsteps
Pre dates Islam - Adam and Ibrahim did it
It was one of the last public acts of worship performed by Muhammad.
Ummah - unifying
What happens during Hajj?
- At the boundary of Makkah hiram (purification) takes place - all put on the same simple clothing (2 white sheets) - hair and nails remain uncut, no sex, arguing, fighting or hunting
- Enters Makkah - walks round the Ka’bah 7 times - touches or kisses the black stone
- Runs between mountains of Safa and Marwa 7 times
- 7th day Sermon at the mosque
- 8th day & night pilgrim stays at Mina or Arafat
- 9th day prayer for forgiveness at Mount of Mercy or Plain of Arafat (where Muhammad gave his last sermon)
- 10th day is in Mina and Id al-Adha is celebrated to remember Ibrahim’s sacrifice. 7 stones are thrown at a 3 pillars to represent sin and Shaytan tempting Ibrahim.
- Pilgrim returns to Makkah where they go round the Ka’bah 7 times before hair is shaved or trimmed to symbolise a new beginning
