Haiti

Question 1

Causes

Answer 1

• Sits between the Caribbean and North American plates

- Strike slip fault that runs of a destructive boundary

Question 2

Magnitude

Answer 2

-Only 7.0 Richter scale
-Lasted 1 minute
-Epicentre was 15 miles from nation’s capital
Shallow focus of 13km deep

Question 3

Frequency

Answer 3

-200 years since the last major earthquake

Question 4

Vulnerability

Answer 4

• Nationals capital =port au prince= 2 million people
• Geology =unstable soils= intense shaking snd liquefaction
• 38% of population under 15
• Infant mortality is 60/1000
• life expectancy was 60
• 80% of population below the poverty line
• Shanty town called Cite de soleil

Question 5

Capacity to cope

Answer 5

• Doesn’t have warning systems to heed warnings
• Poor building quality
• Poor people= few reserves of money or food
• Very limited social safety net
• 500,000 people live in the slum
• Reliant on international aid for over 30% of national GDP

Question 6

Institutional capacity

Answer 6

• Poor
• Major transport links destroyed
• Port damaged via liquefaction
• Airport control tower and runway damaged
• 50% of buildings collapsed due to pancaked buildings
• Institutions destroyed

Question 7

Immediate response

Answer 7

• tried to recover belongings
• Aid effort non existent
• Foreign aid non existent
• Satellite imagery used from London to guide relief
• Countries responded to appeals for aid
• No clear leader= problems with prioritisation
• Morgues overwhelmed= bodies put in mass graves
• Angry appeals from aid workers and survivors as delays in aid distribution

Question 8

Social impacts

Answer 8

• 316,000 died
• a million homeless
• temporary homes more than 1 year later
• Presidential palace crumbled
• 3 million affected in total

Question 9

Economic impacts

Answer 9

• 250,000 residencies and 30,0000 commercial buildings collapsed
• Port, major road links and communication links destroyed-Clothing industry -2 thirds of exports =structural damage at factories
• 1 in 5 jobs lost
• Rubble blocked road and rail links

Question 10

Environmental impacts

Answer 10

• Port destroyed
• Sea levels in local areas changed
• Land sunk below sea level
• Roads littered with cracks and fault lines

Question 11

Long term response

Answer 11

• EU gave $330 million
• World bank waived countries debt repayment for 5 years
• Senegal offered land to refugees
• 6 months after, 98% of rubble remained uncleared
• No transitional housing built =1.6 million left in tents
• No water, electricity or sewage in camps
• only 2% of money for relief effort released
• Dominican republic supported effort