Hagen Chapter 39&40 Flashcards
The pelvic recess between the anterior bladder wall and the pubic symphysis is which one of the following? Select one: a. Vesicouterine pouch b. Anterior cul-de-sac c. Retrouterine pouch d. Space of Retzius
d. space of Retzius
On transabdominal imaging of the female pelvis, the distended urinary bladder:
Select one:
a. Is an acoustic window to view the pelvic anatomy.
b. Serves as a “cystic” reference.
c. Displaces the bowel into the false pelvis.
d. Is all of the above
d. is all of the above
Menarche may be defined as which one of the following?
Select one:
a. The state after reaching puberty during which menses occur every 21 to 28 days
b. When menses have ceased permanently
c. Time before the onset of menses
d. Midcycle
a. The state after reaching puberty during which menses occur every 21 to 28 days
Which one of the following techniques uses a catheter inserted into the endometrial cavity with the insertion of saline or contrast media to fill the endometrial cavity to demonstrate abnormalities within the cavity or uterine tube? Select one: a. Transvaginal b. Perineal c. Sonohysterography d. Transendometrography
c. sonohysterography
The Doppler measurement that takes the highest systolic peak minus the highest diastolic peak divided by the highest systolic peak is which one of the following? Select one: a. Pulsatility index b. Mean Doppler gradient c. Pourcelot resistive index d. Mean systolic measurement
c. Pourcelot resistive index
The ovaries are laterally supported by the which one of the following ligaments? Select one: a. Ovarian b. Broad c. Round d. Suspensory
d. suspensory
After the transducer has been soaked in a Cidex-type solution, which one of the following is an important step to ensure safe handling?
Select one:
a. Check the cord for damage.
b. Check the transducer face for damage.
c. Immediately place it into a protective container.
d. Wear approved gloves & safety goggles
d. Wear approved gloves and safety goggles
The Doppler measurement that uses peak systole minus peak diastole divided by the mean over one cardiac cycle is the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ index. Select one: a. Pulsatility b. Resistive c. Mean systolic d. Mean diastolic
a. pulsatility
The endometrium demonstrates the "three-line" sign in which one of the following phases? Select one: a. Menstrual b. Proliferative c. Secretory d. Luteal
b. proliferative
Which one of the following techniques is the best way to measure the cervical-fundal dimension of the uterus? Select one: a. Transvaginal b. Translabial c. Transabdominal d. Endorectal
c. transabdominal
The transvaginal transducer should be soaked in disinfectant between uses for a minimum of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Select one: a. 3 to 5 minutes b. 10 to 20 minutes c. 30 to 60 minutes d. 1 to 2 hours
b. 10 to 20 minutes
Flexion refers to the axis of the uterine body relative to the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Select one: a. Fundus b. Cervix c. Vagina d. Cornua
b. cervix
Depending on the menstrual cycle, the inner lining of the uterine cavity that appears echogenic to hypoechoic on ultrasound is which one of the following structures? Select one: a. Myometrium b. Perineum c. Endouterine d. Endometrium
d. endometrium
The retrouterine space is also known as which one of the following? Select one: a. Anterior cul-de-sac b. Space of Retzius c. Posterior cul-de-sac d. Pouch of Dodd
c. posterior cul-de-sac
Which one of the following ligaments contains the uterine blood vessels and nerves? Select one: a. Broad b. Round c. Uterosacral d. Endometrial
a. broad
The left ovarian vein drains into which one of the following veins? Select one: a. Inferior vena cava b. Uterine c. Left renal d. External iliac
c. left renal
Which one of the following muscle groups may be seen in the false pelvis along the lateral sidewall of the pelvis? Select one: a. Obturator internus b. Iliopsoas c. Rectus sheath d. Psoas major
b. iliopsoas
Sonohysterography is usually performed on premenopausal women between days \_\_\_\_\_ of the menstrual cycle. Select one: a. 3 and 5 b. 6 and 10 c. 10 and 14 d. 21 and 28
b. 6 to 10
Which one of the following ligaments provides support to the cervix? Select one: a. Round b. Cardinal c. Suspensory d. Ovarian
b. cardinal
A mature follicle is known as a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ follicle. Select one: a. Müllerian b. Graafian c. Corpus luteal d. Stimulated
b. Graafian
The difference between the peak systole and the peak diastole is the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ratio. Select one: a. LS ratio b. S/D ratio c. D/S ratio d. CI ratio
b. S/D ratio
Symmetrical bilateral pelvic masses are likely to be which one of the following? Select one: a. Ovarian cysts b. Uterine fibroids c. Pelvic muscles d. Iliac vessels
c. Pelvic muscles
The middle layer of the uterus is which one of the following? Select one: a. Serosa b. Endometrium c. Body d. Myometrium
d. myometrium
Which one of the following ligaments occupies the space between the layers of another ligament and occurs in front and below the fallopian tubes? Select one: a. Broad b. Uterosacral c. Round d. Tubal
c. round
Which one of the following statements is false?
Select one:
a. The ovaries are almond shaped.
b. The ovaries are suspended from the anterior aspect of the broad ligaments.
c. The ovaries lie in the ovarian fossa.
d. The ovaries receive blood from the ovarian and uterine arteries
b. The ovaries are suspended from the anterior aspect of the broad ligaments
Position of the uterus when the uterine fundus bends forward toward the cervix is called which one of the following positions? Select one: a. Retroflexion b. Anteversion c. Anteflexion d. Retroversion
c. anteflexion
Limitations of translabial scanning may be overcome by which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Emptying the patient’s bladder
b. Elevating the patient’s head
c. Elevating the patient’s hips
d. Assuming the left lateral decubitus position
c. Elevating the patient’s hips
A mature follicle typically measures \_\_\_\_\_ cm right before ovulation. Select one: a. 1 b. 1.5 c. 2 d. 3
c. 2
Nabothian cysts are found near which one of the following anatomic structures? Select one: a. Isthmus b. Vagina c. Endocervical canal d. Peritoneum
c. endocervical canal
The superficial layer of glands and stroma of the endometrium is called which one of the following? Select one: a. Zona basalis b. Zona functionalis c. Zona stromata d. Zona endometria
b. Zona functionalis
Which one of the following structures lies above the utero-ovarian ligament, round ligament, and tubo-ovarian vessels? Select one: a. Ovary b. Fallopian tube c. Broad ligament d. Uterine artery
b. fallopian tube
To image the fundus of the uterus with transvaginal sonography, the transducer should be angled so that the handle is positioned as described in which one of the following? Select one: a. Closer to the bed b. Farther from the bed c. Lateral to the patient d. Perpendicular to the patient
a. closer to the bed
The vagina has two sources of blood supply; they are the:
Select one:
a. Ovarian artery and uterine artery
b. Uterine artery and vaginal artery
c. Internal iliac artery and vaginal artery
d. Aorta and external iliac artery
b. Uterine artery and vaginal artery
In postmenopausal patients who are not on hormone replacement therapy, an endometrial thickness less than \_\_\_\_\_\_ millimeters (mm) is considered benign. Select one: a. 2 b. 3 c. 5 d. 10
c. 5
The endometrium is at its greatest thickness and echogenicity with posterior enhancement in which one of the following phases? Select one: a. Menses b. Proliferative c. Ovulatory d. Luteal
d. luteal
What is the physiologic status of prepuberty? Select one: a. Menarche b. Menopause c. Premenarche d. Postmenarche
c. Premenarche
The thin outer layer of the uterus is separated from the immediate layer by which one of the following? Select one: a. Peripheral arteries b. Uterine arteries c. Arcuate vessels d. Radial arteries
c. arcuate vessels
The thickness of the endometrium should be measured in which one of the following planes? Select one: a. Transverse b. Longitudinal c. Coronal d. Oblique
b. longitudinal
Abnormally heavy or long menses is termed: Select one: a. Dysmenorrheal b. Menorrhagia c. Oligomenorrhea d. Amenorrhea
b. Menorrhagia
Which one of the following arteries sheds blood during menses? Select one: a. Radial b. Spiral c. Arcuate d. Vaginal
b. spiral
The release of an egg from the ruptured follicle is termed which one of the following? Select one: a. Menstruation b. Corpus luteum c. Ovulation d. Follicular-stimulating hormone
c. ovulation
The ovary receives its primary blood supply from which one of the following arteries? Select one: a. Uterine b. Internal iliac c. Ovarian d. External iliac
c. ovarian
Which one of the following are small vessels found along the periphery of the uterus? Select one: a. Uterine arteries b. Arcuate vessels c. Iliac arteries d. Peripheral vessels
b arcuate vessels
In transvaginal scanning, the scanning plane that is 90 degrees from the sagittal plane is the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ plane. Select one: a. Transverse b. Parasagittal c. Axial d. Coronal
d. coronal
Which one of the following portions of the fallopian tube is the most coiled? Select one: a. Infundibulum b. Ampulla c. Isthmus d. Interstitial
b. ampulla
With endovaginal sonography, the cervix of an anteverted uterus is seen in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of the screen, whereas the fundus of the anteverted uterus is found in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of the screen. Select one: a. Upper portion; lower portion b. Right side; lower portion c. Left side; right side d. Right side; left side
d. right side; left side
Which one of the following refers to a horizontal plane through the longitudinal axis of the body to image structures from anterior to posterior? Select one: a. Transverse b. Axial c. Sagittal d. Coronal
d. coronal
Arcuate artery calcifications are observed in patients who are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Select one: a. Pregnant b. Perimenopausal c. Postmenopausal d. Premenopausal
c. postmenopausal
The ovary produces two hormones. Estrogen is secreted by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, whereas progesterone is secreted by the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Select one: a. Follicles; corpus luteum b. Secretory; proliferative c. Follicles; corpuscle d. Corpus luteum; nabothian
a. Follicles; corpus luteum
The normal size of the menarchal uterus should measure \_\_\_\_\_\_ centimeters (cm) long and \_\_\_\_\_ cm wide. Select one: a. 3; 5 b. 2; 3 c. 8; 4 d. 6; 2
c. 8,4
