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abd 2 > Hagen Chapter 25 Neonatal Echoencephalography > Flashcards

Hagen Chapter 25 Neonatal Echoencephalography Flashcards

1
Q 
A mass of special cells located in the atrium of the lateral ventricles is which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Corpus callosum
b. Caudate nucleus
c. Choroid plexus 
d. Cisterna
A

c. Choroid plexus

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2
Q 
A thin, triangular space filled with CSF that lies between the anterior horn of the lateral ventricles is:
Select one:
a. Interhemispheric fissure
b. Cavum septi pellucidi 
c. Trigone
d. Caudate nucleus
A

b. Cavum septi pellucidi

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3
Q 
Acute neonatal brain hemorrhage appears \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Select one:
a. Echolucent
b. Hypoechoic
c. Echogenic
d. Complex
A

c. Echogenic

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4
Q 
Approximately 40% of CSF is produced by which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Extracellular fluid
b. Choroid plexus
c. Corpus callosum
d. Cerebrum
A

b. Choroid plexus

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5
Q 
Bilateral occlusion of the carotid arteries may result in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Select one:
a. Hydrocephalus
b. Hydranencephaly
c. Holoprosencephaly
d. Intraventricular hemorrhage
A

b. Hydranencephaly

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6
Q 
Convolutions on the surface of the brain are called which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Sulci
b. Fissures
c. Gyri 
d. Lobes
A

c. Gyri

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7
Q 
Cyclopia is associated with which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Holoprosencephaly
b. Hydrocephalus
c. Hydranencephaly
d. Dandy-Walker malformation
A

a. Holoprosencephaly

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8
Q

Dysgenesis of the fourth ventricle results in which one of the following malformations?
Select one:
a. Corpus callosum
b. Cystic dilation of the lateral ventricle
c. Holoprosencephaly
d. Dandy-Walker

A

d. Dandy-Walker

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9
Q 
Periventricular leukomalacia is defined as which one of the following?
Select one:
a. White matter necrosis
b. Focal brain necrosis
c. Thickened ependyma
d. An epidural hemorrhage
A

a. White matter necrosis

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10
Q 
Sonography of the neonatal brain is evaluated through which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Inferior temporal lobe
b. Anterior fontanelle
c. Superior temporal lobe
d. Posterior fontanelle
A

b. Anterior fontanelle

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11
Q 
The area in which the falx cerebri sits that separates the two cerebral hemispheres is which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Tentorium
b. Corpus callosum
c. Lateral ventricles
d. Interhemispheric fissure
A

d. Interhemispheric fissure

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12
Q 
The brain coverings are known as which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Subependymomas
b. Meninges
c. Parenchyma
d. Ependyma
A

b. Meninges

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13
Q 
The junction of the anterior, occipital, and temporal horns is called the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Select one:
a. Cistern
b. Brainstem
c. Choroid plexus
d. Atrium (trigone)
A

d. Atrium (trigone)

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14
Q 
The largest subarachnoid space demonstrated sonographically is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Select one:
a. Suprasellar cistern
b. Pontine cistern
c. Quadrigeminal cistern
d. Cistern magnum
A

d. Cistern magnum

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15
Q 
The most common cause of congenital hydrocephalus is which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Papilloma of the choroid plexus
b. Aqueductal stenosis
c. Overproduction of CSF
d. Agenesis of the corpus callosum
A

b. Aqueductal stenosis

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16
Q 
The most important cause of abnormal neurodevelopment sequelae in premature infants is which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Hydrocephalus
b. Choroid plexus cyst
c. White matter necrosis 
d. Alobar holoprosencephaly
A

c. White matter necrosis

17
Q 
The part of the brain that connects the forebrain and the spinal cord is which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Pons
b. Trigone
c. Cerebrum
d. Brainstem
A

d. Brainstem

18
Q 
The periventricular tissue, which may bleed easily before 32 weeks' gestation, is the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Select one:
a. Caudate nucleus
b. Corpus callosum
c. Brainstem
d. Germinal matrix
A

d. Germinal matrix

19
Q 
The portion of the brain that forms the lateral borders of the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles and lies anterior to the lateral ventricles and thalamus is which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Caudate nucleus
b. Cisterna
c. Corpus callosum
d. Fontanelle
A

a. Caudate nucleus

20
Q 
The portion of the brain that lies posterior to the cranial fossa under the tentorium is called which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Cerebellum
b. Corpus callosum
c. Lower recess
d. Cavum septum pellucidum
A

a. Cerebellum

21
Q 
The primary brain vesicle, rhombencephalon, is located in which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Hypothalamus
b. Forebrain
c. Midbrain
d. Hindbrain
A

d. Hindbrain

22
Q 
The two ovoid brain structures located on either side of the third ventricle superior to the brainstem make up the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Select one:
a. Thalami
b. Choroid plexus
c. Gyri
d. Fontanelle
A

a. Thalami

23
Q 
What is the name of the structure that forms between the corpus callosum and the anterior horn or lateral ventricle?
Select one:
a. Septum pellucidum 
b. Massa intermedia
c. Fourth ventricle
d. Lateral ventricle
A

a. Septum pellucidum

24
Q 
Which one of the following is most likely the result of a germinal matrix hemorrhage?
Select one:
a. Cerebral cyst
b. Subependymal cyst 
c. Subarachnoid cyst
d. Periventricular leukomalacia
A

b. Subependymal cyst

25
Q

Which three mechanisms account for the development of hydrocephalus?
Select one:
a. Outflow obstruction, increased absorption, and overproduction
b. Inflow obstruction, decreased absorption, and underproduction
c. Inflow obstruction, increased absorption, and overproduction
d. Outflow obstruction, decreased absorption, and overproduction

A

d. Outflow obstruction, decreased absorption, and overproduction

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