Hagen Chapter 23 Scrotum

Question 1

A clinical history of a vasectomy is associated with:
Select one:
a. Testicular torsion
b. Sperm granulomas
c. Microlithiasis
d. Varicoceles

Answer 1

b. Sperm granulomas

Question 2

A common cause of acute scrotal pain in adults is:
Select one:
a. An epididymal cyst
b. Epididymo-orchitis 
c. A spermatocele
d. Testicular torsion

Answer 2

b. Epididymo-orchitis

Question 3

A hydrocele develops between the:
Select one:
a. Visceral and parietal layers of the tunica albuginea
b. Tunica albuginea and tunica vaginalis
c. Parietal and visceral layers of the tunica vaginalis
d. Scrotum and tunica albuginea

Answer 3

c. Parietal and visceral layers of the tunica vaginalis

Question 4

A linear stripe of variable thickness and echogenicity running through the testis in a craniocaudal direction represents the:
Select one:
a. Cowper's fascia
b. Mediastinum testis 
c. Epithelial layer
d. Dartos muscle

Answer 4

b. Mediastinum testis

Question 5

A seminoma of the testicle generally appears on ultrasound as a(n) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ mass.
Select one:
a. Hypoechoic
b. Complex
c. Hyperechoic
d. Anechoic

Answer 5

a. Hypoechoic

Question 6

A spermatocele is always located in which portion of the epididymis?
Select one:
a. Head
b. Neck
c. Body
d. Tail

Answer 6

a. Head

Question 7

Attached at the superior pole of the testis between the epididymis and the testis is which one of the following?
Select one:
a. Rete testis
b. Mediastinum testis
c. Appendix testis
d. Spermatocele

Answer 7

c. Appendix testis

Question 8

Common causes of a hydrocele include all of the following except:
Select one:
a. Trauma
b. Microlithiasis
c. Epididymo-orchitis
d. Testicular torsion

Answer 8

b. Microlithiasis

Question 9

Compared with the testis, the epididymis typically appears:
Select one:
a. Anechoic
b. Hyperechoic
c. Hypoechoic
d. Homogenous

Answer 9

c. Hypoechoic

Question 10

Epididymo-orchitis most commonly results from a:
Select one:
a. Trauma
b. Virus
c. Bladder infection 
d. Sexually transmitted disease

Answer 10

c. Bladder infection

Question 11

Follow-up examination of patients with microlithiasis is recommended:
Select one:
a. Semiannually
b. Annually
c. Every 5 years
d. Follow-up is not recommended.

Answer 11

b. Annually

Question 12

Intratesticular cysts have an association with:
Select one:
a. Spermatoceles
b. Germ cell tumors
c. Hydroceles
d. Microlithiasi

Answer 12

a. Spermatoceles

Question 13

Microlithiasis of the testis is associated with a(n):
Select one:
a. Hydrocele
b. Inguinal hernia
c. Spermatocele
d. Malignant neoplasm

Answer 13

d. Malignant neoplasm

Question 14

Sonographic characteristics of the normal testis include a(n):
Select one:
a. Inhomogeneous pattern with dense internal echoes
b. Homogeneous pattern with low-level internal echoes
c. Homogeneous pattern with medium-level echoes
d. Inhomogeneous pattern with medium-level echoes

Answer 14

c. Homogeneous pattern with medium-level echoes

Question 15

The diameter of a varicocele measures more than \_\_\_\_\_ millimeters (mm).
Select one:
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5

Answer 15

a. 2

Question 16

The epididymis is located \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the testis.
Select one:
a. Anterior and inferior
b. Anterior and superior
c. Posterior and inferior
d. Posterior and superior

Answer 16

d. Posterior and superior

Question 17

The most common cause of acute scrotal pain in the adolescent is:
Select one:
a. A varicocele
b. Epididymitis
c. Testicular torsion 
d. An inguinal hernia

Answer 17

c. Testicular torsion

Question 18

The primary source of blood flow to the testicles is via the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ arteries.
Select one:
a. Renal
b. Internal iliac
c. Testicular
d. Centripetal

Answer 18

c. Testicular

Question 19

The rete testis is located:
Select one:
a. At the hilum of the testis
b. In the epididymis
c. At the superior pole of the testis
d. At the inferior pole of the testis

Answer 19

a. At the hilum of the testis

Question 20

The testes are covered by a fibrous capsule formed by the:
Select one:
a. Tunica albuginea
b. Cowper's fascia
c. Cremaster muscle
d. Dartos muscle

Answer 20

a. Tunica albuginea

Question 21

The testes measure:
Select one:
a. 6 cm long, 3 cm in diameter (anteroposteriorly [AP]), 3 cm wide
b. 4 cm long, 3 cm in diameter (AP), 2 cm wide
c. 2 cm long, 5 cm in diameter (AP), 5 cm wide
d. 4 cm long, 3 cm in diameter (AP), 3 cm wide

Answer 21

d. 4 cm long, 3 cm in diameter (AP), 3 cm wide

Question 22

Tubular ectasia of the rete testis is associated with a(n):
Select one:
a. Hydrocele
b. Varicocele
c. Epididymal cyst
d. Inguinal hernia

Answer 22

c. Epididymal cyst

Question 23

Which one of the following almost always transpires secondary to epididymitis?
Select one:
a. Orchitis
b. Hydrocele
c. Spermatocele
d. Varicocele

Answer 23

a. Orchitis

Question 24

Which one of the following facts about an undescended testis is false?
Select one:
a. The testis originates in the retroperitoneum at the level of the fetal kidney.
b. All undescended testes are found in the inguinal canal.
c. An associated risk for testicular malignancy can develop.
d. An increased incidence of infertility exists.

Answer 24

b. All undescended testes are found in the inguinal canal.

Question 25

Which one of the following statements about varicoceles is false?
Select one:
a. Varicoceles refer to dilated, serpiginous, and elongated veins of the pampiniform plexus.
b. Varicoceles are more common on the right side of the scrotum.
c. Primary varicoceles result from incompetent valves in the spermatic vein.
d. Secondary varicoceles develop from compression of the spermatic vein.

Answer 25

b. Varicoceles are more common on the right side of the scrotum. Correctx