Haemotology Flashcards

1
Q

4 main constituents of blood

A

Plasma
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets

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2
Q

Red blood cells are also called

A

Erythrocytes

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3
Q

Red blood cells have a lifespan of

A

120 days

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4
Q

Haemoglobin structure

A

4 protein chains
1 haemoglobin molecule can carry 4 oxygen
H red blood cell contains over 1 million molecules of haemoglobin

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5
Q

White blood cells are also called

A

Leukocytes

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6
Q

White blood cells are often characterised as

A

Granulocytes and agranulocytes

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7
Q

Granulocytes

A

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils

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8
Q

Agranulocytes

A

Lympocytes

Monocytes

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9
Q

Platelets are also called

A

Thrombocytes

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10
Q

A haemorrhage is

A

Trauma or injury to blood vessels

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11
Q

Macrocytic anaemia is

A

When red blood cells are larger than their normal volume

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12
Q

Microcytic anaemia is

A

When red blood cells are small because they don’t have enough haemoglobin

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13
Q

Normocytic anaemia is

A

When you have a normal sized red blood cells but you have a low number of them

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14
Q

Hypochromic anaemia is

A

When red blood cells are paler than normal

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15
Q

Haemostasis is

A

A balanced interaction of blood cells and the stopping of a flow of blood

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16
Q

What is primary haemostasis

A

Temporary platelet plug

17
Q

What is secondary haemostasis

A

Coagulation, stable clot

18
Q

Where is antithrombin produced

A

In the liver

19
Q

Where is heparin secreted by

A

Basophils and mast cells

20
Q

What is fibrinolysis

A

When the clot dissolves

21
Q

What is thrombosis

A

Presence of a blood clot in a blood vessel

22
Q

Why do we become pale

A

Because there is not enough oxygen in the blood

23
Q

What is agglutination

A

Blockage of vessels

24
Q

What is haemolysis

A

Free Hb can block kidney tubules and cause death

25
Q

Consequences of mismatching transfusion reaction

A

Agglutination and haemolysis

26
Q

Function of blood

A

Transport
Protects
Regulates