Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1.2 Haematology > Haemostasis + Anticoagulants > Flashcards

Haemostasis + Anticoagulants Flashcards

1
Q

what is haemostasis

A

maintenance of blood in a fluid state when in circulation, clotting blood at the site of injury, removal of the plug when healing is complete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are thrombi

A

blood clots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is thrombopietin

A

regulates platelet production - produced in the liver and kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

from what is a platelet derived?

A

a megakaryocyte which is derived from the haemopoietic stem cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how many platelets may be formed from one single megakaryocyte

A

between 1000-5000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is primary haemostasis

A

the formation of a platelet plug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what do glycoproteins do in terms of helping platelets?

A

they help with platelet aggregation (binding to the membrane surface)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the three phases of platelet function

A

adhesion, activation, aggregation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the 13 plasma protein “coagulation factors”

A

they are inert pro enzymes which become activated during haemostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does factor 1 involve

A

fibrinogen which helps with clotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does factor 2 and 2a include

A

prothrombin and thrombin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does factor 3 involve?

A

calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how does factor 4 help with the physiologic cascade

A

it binds to factor 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is another name for factor 8?

A

anti-haemophiliac A factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what’s another name for factor nine?

A

anti-haemophiliac B factor or Christmas factorw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the function of factor 13

A

it is the fibrin stabilising factor

17
Q

what does vWF stand for

A

von Willebrands Factor

18
Q

how do some anticoagulants work with respect to calcium?

A

calcium is necessary for blood to clot, so many anticoags take calcium out of the blood i.e EDTA

19
Q

write a note on EDTA

A

powder anticoag, sodium and potassium salts coat the inside of the blood tube, chelates Ca2+ from the blood, preserves morphology of blood cells for 24-36hrs, may be used in blood counts, may not be used in haemostatic or coagulation studies

20
Q

write a note on tri-sodium citrate

A

binds calcium, used in tests for blood function, liquid anticoag, two different conc versions of this anticoag is used. For coagulation tests ratio of 9:1 used, whereas for erythrocyte sedimentation rate test (ESR) 4:1. not suitable for cell counting

21
Q

write a note on heparin

A

natural anticoagulant, given to patients who are on Warfarin. Lithium heparin is used in clinical chem assays to measure liver + cardiac enzymes and cholesterol hormones and may be used for cytogenetic tests. inhibits normal coagulation by inactivating factor Xa and iia. not suitable for blood counts and coagulation factor studies.

22
Q

What components are the involved in haemostatic mechanism

A

Blood vessels, Platelets, Plasma coagulation factors

23
Q

What other components ensure that excessive thrombi are not formed?

A

Natural anticoagulants and Fibrinolytic system

24
Q

Where are platelets formed?

A

In the bone marrow by fragmentation of the cytoplasm of megakaryocytes

25
Q

What happens in Thrombopoieisis

A

The precursor of Megakaryocyte, the Megakaryoblast arises from differentiation from the haemopoietic stem cell and colony forming unit CFU-GEMM

26
Q

What is the time interval from differentiation of human stem cell to production of platelets

A

10 days

27
Q

Where are procoagulant and anticoagulant factors stored?

A

within platelet granules and are released into the microenvironment

28
Q

What is thromboxane A2?

A

A powerful vasoconstrictor that platelets contain.

29
Q

What is platelet adhesion?

A

Where platelets adhere to collagen fibres at the site of injury

30
Q

What is platelet activation

A

The change in platelet shape activates the platelet and causes the release of procoagulant molecules which provide a surface for the reactions of the coagulation factors.

31
Q

What is platelet aggregation?

A

The primary reversible aggregation and secondary irreversible aggregation that lead to the formation of the primary haemostatic platelet plug.

32
Q

How does aspirin work?

A

Reduces the level of platelet aggregation.

33
Q

What is the purpose of an anticoagulant?

A

To prevent blood from clotting - inhibits the naction of coagulation system factors

34
Q

What ion is essential for blood to clot?

A

Calcium

1.2 Haematology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions