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Haematology > Haemopoiesis > Flashcards

Haemopoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

Define haemopoiesis

A

Formation of blood cells

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2
Q

What is the role of erythrocytes?

A

O2/Co2 transport

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3
Q

What is the role of platelets?

A

Primary haemostasis

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4
Q

What cells are granulocytes?

A

Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

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5
Q

What is the role of neutrophils?

A

Phagocytosis and acute inflammation

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6
Q

What is the role of eosinophils?

A

Destroy parasites

Modulate hypersensitivity reactions

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7
Q

What is the role of basophils?

A

Modulate hypersensitivity reactions

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8
Q

What is the role of monocytes/macrophages?

A

Chronic inflammation
Modulate immune reactions
Phagocytic clearance
Regulatory functions

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9
Q

What is the role of B lymphocytes?

A

Humoral immunity (antibodies)

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10
Q

What is the role of T lymphocytes?

A

Cell mediated immunity

Regulatory functions

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11
Q

What is the role of natural killer cells

A

Anti-viral/tumour

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12
Q

Which cells in the blood have the longest life span, which have the shortest

A

RBCs ~120 days (longest)
Platelets ~7-10 days
Neutrophils ~7-8hrs

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13
Q

Where are all haemopoeitic cells derived from?

A

Haemopoietic stem cells

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14
Q

Where does haemopoiesis occur weeks 5-10

A

Yolk Sac

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15
Q

When does haemopoiesis in the liver start?

A

Week 6

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16
Q

When does haemopoiesis in the spleen start?

A

Week 12

17
Q

When does haemopoiesis in the bone marrow start?

A

Week 16

18
Q

Which bones does haemopoiesis in the adult occur in?

A

Axial skeleton (vertebrae, sternum, ribs, skill, pelvis, shoulder girdle)

19
Q

What is bone marrow surrounded by?

A

Vascularised and innervated bone

20
Q

What is the interface between bone and bone marrow called?

A

Endosteum

21
Q

What is the endosteum covered in?

A

Osteoblasts and osteoclasts

22
Q

Where do the arteries in the bone marrow feed into?

A

Sinusoids

23
Q

How do mature cells pass into the blood from the marrow?

A

Through fenestrations in endothelial cells

24
Q

What is the difference between red and yellow marrow?

A

Red marrow is haemopoietically active

Yellow marrow is not (fatty)

25
Q

How is haemopoiesis assessed?

A

Examination of blood (count, cell indices, morphology)

Examination of bone marrow

Haematology (5 decks)

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