Haemolytic uraemic syndrome

Question 1

Describe the pathophysiology of HUS

Answer 1

Thrombosis in small blood vessels throughout the body - usually triggered by a bacterial toxin called the shiga toxin

Question 2

HUS presents with a classic triad of…

Answer 2

Classic triad of:

• Haemolytic anaemia
• AKI
• Low platelet count (thrombocytopaenia)

Question 3

Which bacteria produce the shiga toxin?

Answer 3

• E. coli

- Shigella

Question 4

Describe the typical signs/symptoms of HUS

Answer 4

Brief gastroenteritis (often with bloody diarrhoea) shortly followed by:

• Oliguria
• Haematuria
• Bruising

Question 5

Describe the management of HUS

Answer 5

Condition is self-limiting and management if supportive:

• Antihypertensives
• Blood transfusions
• Dialysis

Question 6

HUS carries a (…?) risk of mortality

Answer 6

HUS carries a 10% risk of mortality