Haematopoiesis

Question 1

Define hematopoiesis

Answer 1

The production of mature blood cells from haematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow

Question 2

List the white blood cells:

Answer 2

• Neutrophil
  Disposable phagocyte
• Eosinophil
  Allergic reactions
• Basophil
  Releases inflammatory mediators
• Monocyte > Macrophage
• Lymphocytes (B and T cells)
  Adaptive immunity

Question 3

List the growth factors required for differentiation into:

1. Erythrocytes
2. Platelets
3. WBCs

Answer 3

1. Erythropoietin
2. Thrombopoietin
3. Interleukins

Question 4

What are the features of a red blood cell?

Answer 4

• Biconcave disc
• No nucleus / mitochondria (max space)
• Contains Haemoglobin
• Flexible

Question 5

What is the function of platelets?

Answer 5

• Coagulation

- Haemophilia = lack clotting factor cascade

Question 6

What are the cause and symptoms of thalasseamia?

Answer 6

• Gene mutation coding for haemoglobin
• Not enough red cells produced
• Requires transfusions

Question 7

What are the cause and symptoms of sickle cell anaemia?

Answer 7

• Gene mutation
• Haemoglobin form crystals / change shape
• Cells get stuck in capillaries
• Tissues O2 deprived > ischaemia / pain