Haematology Scott Notes

Question 1

Causes of MAHA

Answer 1

DIC HUS TTP

Question 2

B thalassemias are caused by what mutations?

Answer 2

Point

Question 3

A thalassemias are caused by what mutations ?

Answer 3

Deletions

Question 4

Hb in Thalassemia trait

Answer 4

HbA2

Question 5

Target cells

Answer 5

HbC disease
Asplenemia
Liver disease
Thalassemia

Question 6

What to ask someone with anaemia on an OSCE

Answer 6

Vegan/vegetarian diet

Question 7

Symptoms of subacute degeneration of the cord

Answer 7

Dorsal column and corticospinal tracts
Also spinocerebellar

Question 8

Pernicious anaemia increases your risk for

Answer 8

Gastric adenocarcinoma

Question 9

Pernicious anaemia more common in what blood group?

Answer 9

A

Question 10

Schistocytes

Answer 10

MAHA and mechanical heart valve

Question 11

TTP caused by

Answer 11

Genetic or acquired deficiency of ADAMTS13

Question 12

DAT + haemolytic anaemia
DAT - haemolytic anaemia

Answer 12

MAHA, AIHA
Hereditary spherocytosis

Question 13

What is the defect in G6PD deficiency ?

Answer 13

X-linked disorder of pentose phosphate shunt
Decreased NADPH production –> RBC oxidative damage

Question 14

Triggers of haemolysis in G6PD deficiency

Answer 14

Fava beans
Sulpha drugs
Infection
Dapsone
Antimalarials

Question 15

Test for G6PD

Answer 15

Have to do after 8 weeks again

Question 16

Sickle cell anaemia

Answer 16

HbSS

Question 17

Sickle cell trait

Answer 17

HbAS

Question 18

Defect in SS

Answer 18

Glutamic acid -> valine

Question 19

Aplastic crisis caused by

Answer 19

Parovrisu B19

Question 20

Treat acute crisis in sickle cell

Answer 20

Analgesia (opioids)
Hydrate
O2

Question 21

Intrinsic pathway

Answer 21

8,9,11,12

Question 22

Extrinsic pathway

Answer 22

7

Question 23

What to ask someone in OSCE if they are anaemic?

Answer 23

Blood loss, do they tend to bleed after surgery

Question 24

Avoid what drugs in Haemophilia

Answer 24

NSAIDS

Question 25

Treat Haemophilia

Answer 25

Desmopressin and tranexamic acid

Question 26

What cancer can cause DIC?

Answer 26

APML

Question 27

Protein C deactivates

Answer 27

Factor 5 and 8

Question 28

AT is a cofactor for

Answer 28

Heparin

Question 29

What can cause acquired thrombophilia

Answer 29

Progesterone in OCP

Question 30

Excess RBC

Answer 30

Polycythemia vera

Question 31

Excess WBC

Answer 31

CML

Question 32

Excess platelets

Answer 32

ET

Question 33

Excess megakaryocytic

Answer 33

Myelofibrosis

Question 34

CMD have

Answer 34

Hypercellular bone marrow

Question 35

EPO in PV

Answer 35

Decreased

Question 36

Acute leukemia on blood film

Answer 36

Blasts >20%

Question 37

CML Ix diagnostic

Answer 37

Auer rods

Question 38

CLL blood levels

Answer 38

Increased WCC
Decreased RBC, PMN Plats

Question 39

Richter transformation

Answer 39

CLL-> large B cell lymphoma

Question 40

Philadelphia chromosome

Answer 40

9:22
CML

Question 41

Treat CML?

Answer 41

Imatinib

Question 42

Hodgkin’s lymphoma age

Answer 42

20-29 and >60

Question 43

Increased LDH

Answer 43

Non-hodgkins

Question 44

B cell classification of non-hodgkins

Answer 44

Low: follicular, marginal, waldenstrom’s
High: diffuse large B cell, burkitt’s

Question 45

Adult T cell lymphoma

Answer 45

HTLV-1

Question 46

Plasma cells Ig in multiple myeloma

Answer 46

IgG IgA

Question 47

Increased in what IL in MM

Answer 47

IL-6 which inhibits osteoblasts

Question 48

Bloods in MM

Answer 48

ESR increase and normal ALP

Question 49

Over 50 and backpain do

Answer 49

ESR and electrophoresis

Question 50

What biopsy for MM?

Answer 50

Trephine BM biopsy

Question 51

Causes of massive splenomegaly

Answer 51

CML, myelofibrosis, malaria, leishmaniasis, gaucher’s

Question 52

Hyposplenism on film

Answer 52

Howell-Jolly
Pappenheimer
Target

Question 53

What creates the rouleaux?

Answer 53

Increased ESR

Question 54

Pencil cells

Answer 54

IDA

Question 55

Spherocytes

Answer 55

AIHA
Hereditary spherocytosis