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year 5 path > haematology - peripheral blood smears > Flashcards

haematology - peripheral blood smears Flashcards

1
Q

acanthocytes

A

RBCs show spicules

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2
Q

acanthocytes suggests

A

liver disease
hyposplenism
abetalipoproteinaemia

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3
Q

basophilic RBC stippling

A

small dots at the periphery (rRNA)

accelerated erythropoiesis/defective Hb synthesis

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4
Q

basophilic RBC stippling suggests

A 
lead poisoning
megaloblastic anaemia
myelodysplasia
liver disease
haemoglobinopathy (eg. thalassaemia)
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5
Q

Burr cells (echinocytes)

A

sea urchin with regular spicules

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6
Q

Burr cells (echinocytes) suggests

A

artefacts if sample sat in EDTA prior to film

uraemia
GI bleeding
stomach carcinoma

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7
Q

Heinz bodies

A

inclusions on very edge of RBCs

due to denatured Hb

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8
Q

Heinz bodies suggests

A

G6PD deficiency

chronic liver disease

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9
Q

Howell-Jolly bodies

A

Basophilic (purple) nuclear remnants in RBCs

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10
Q

Howell-Jolly bodies suggests

A

post-splenectomy
hyposplenism
- SCD, coeliac, congenital, UC/Crohn’s, myeloproliferative disease, amyloid

megaloblastic anaemia
hereditary spherocytosis

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11
Q

Leucoerythroblastic anaemia

A

presence of nucleated RBCCs and myeloid precursors

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12
Q

Leucoerythroblastic anaemia suggests

A

marrow infiltration

  • myelofibrosis
  • malignancy
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13
Q

Pieger Huet Cells

A

hypo segmented neutrophil with 2 lobes like a dumbell

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14
Q

Pieger Huet Cells suggests

A

congenital
- lamin B receptor mutation

acquired

  • myelogenous leukaemia
  • myelodysplastic syndromes
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15
Q

Polychromasia

A

bluish RBCs due to DNA presence

usually reticulocytes (immature RBCs)

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16
Q

polychromasia suggests

A

natural response to shortened RBC life

↑ haemolytic anaemia

↓ aplastic anaemia, chemo

17
Q

right shift

A

hyper mature white cells

hyper-segmented polymorphs (>5 lobes to nucleus)

18
Q

right shift suggests

A

megaloblastic anaemia
uraemia
liver disease

19
Q

rouleaux formation

A

stacked RBCs

20
Q

rouleaux formation suggests

A

chronic inflammation
paraproteinaemia
myeloma

21
Q

schistocytes

A

fragmented parts of RBCs
sharp edges
no central pallor

22
Q

schistocytes suggests

A

microangiopathic anaemia

  • DIC
  • HUS
  • thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura
  • pre eclampsia
23
Q

spherocytes

A

sphere shaped RBCs

often smaller

24
Q

spherocytes suggests

A

hereditary shperocytosis

autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

25
Q

stomatocytes

A

central pallor is straight/curved rod

‘smiley face’/’fish mouth’ RBCs

26
Q

stomatocytes suggests

A

artefact
hereditary stomatocytosis
high alcohol intake
liver disease

27
Q

target cells (codocytes)

A

bull’s eye appearance in central pallor

28
Q

target cells (codocytes) suggests

A

liver disease
hyposplenism
thalassaemia
IDA

year 5 path (16 decks)

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