Haematology

Question 1

What does the blood contain as well as how much ?

Answer 1

Plasma:54 %

Formed elements :Platelets:46
Leucocytes :1%

Erthycotes :45 %

Question 2

What is the lifespan of the red blood cells and what is there function ?

Answer 2

Erthoytes
120 days 
Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide .
Bound to bound to hemoglobin (oxyhemoglobin and carboxyhemoglobin)
pH homeostasis

Question 3

What is the size and shape of the red blood cell ?

Answer 3

• biconcave disk, 8 µm diameter, 2m at thickest point, 1 m at thinnest
  
  • shape maintained by a cytoskeletal complex inside the plasma membrane (involving spectrin, actin + other components)
  • flexible: RBC’s normally bend to pass through small capillaries

Question 4

How does it appear under microscope ?

Answer 4

Pink circle with light center (center is thinner because of the biconcave shape). No nucleus.

LM appearance in smear: Pink circle with light centre (centre is thinner because of the biconcave shape). No nucleus.

Question 5

Platelets (thrombocytes) What its lifespan and function ?

Answer 5

: about 10 days

Function: Platelets contribute to hemostasis.

Question 6

What is the shape and size of the platelets ?

Answer 6

Small disks, 2-3 µm in diameter. Non-nucleated cell fragments derived from cytoplasm of a very large cell, the megakaryocyte, in the bone marrow.

Question 7

How does Platelets appear under a microscope ?

Answer 7

Small basophilic fragments, often appearing in clusters.

Question 8

General Infomration on Whiteblood cells ?

Answer 8

Granulocytes (with specific granules)
Neutrophil (40-80% of WBC)
Eosinophil (1-6% of WBC)
Basophil (<1% of WBC)

Agranulocytes (without specific granules)
Lymphocyte (B-cell, T-cell) 20-40% of WBC)
Monocyte (2-10% of WBC)

Question 9

How much do you count with low concentration ?

Answer 9

1

Question 10

How much do you count with High concentration ?

Answer 10

100

Question 11

Monocytes

Answer 11

Large white blood cell which fights off bacteria

Originally formed in the bone marrow, they are released into our blood and tissues

. When certain germs enter the body, they quickly rush to the site for attack.

type of leukocyte

Question 12

Lymphocytes

Answer 12

Lymphocytes are white cells that are crucial to our immune systems.

There are three main types known as T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells.

Lymphocytes are part of our immune defense and act to recognize antigens, produce antibodies, and destroy cells that could cause damage.

eliminate the antigen, either by releasing antibodies (in the case of B cells), cytotoxic granules (cytotoxic T cells) or by signaling to other cells of the immune system (helper T cells).

Question 13

Neutrophtes

Answer 13

Neutrophils are white blood cells that play some very important roles in our innate immune system.

They circulate around our body in the bloodstream, and when they sense signals that an infection is present, they are the first cells to migrate to the site of the infection to begin killing the invading microbes.