Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ladies (+ Bradley) Path 2016 > Haematology > Flashcards

Haematology Flashcards

1
Q

Choose the condition which best fits the appearance on the blood film and associated symptoms:

Microcytic, hypochromic with painless glossitis

a. Paroxysmal Cold Haemoglobinuria
b. Beta thalassaemia
c. Lead poisoning
d. Sickle cell anaemia
e. Heriditary spherocytosis
f. Pyruvate kinase deficiency
g. Sideroblastic anaemia
h. Pernicious anaemia
i. B12 defienciency
j. Iron deficiency anaemia

A

J. Iron deficiency anaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Choose the condition which best fits the appearance on the blood film and associated symptoms:

hypochromic microcytic anaemia and basophilic stippling of red blood cells

a. Paroxysmal Cold Haemoglobinuria
b. Beta thalassaemia
c. Lead poisoning
d. Sickle cell anaemia
e. Heriditary spherocytosis
f. Pyruvate kinase deficiency
g. Sideroblastic anaemia
h. Pernicious anaemia
i. B12 defienciency
j. Iron deficiency anaemia

A

C. Lead poisoning
Another cause of the identical clinical picture is pyramidine-5’-nucleotidase deficiency, one of the emden-meyerhodd pathway defects (same family as pyruvate kinase).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Choose the condition which best fits the appearance on the blood film and associated symptoms:

Red blood cell fragments on film, associated with Donath-Landsteiner antibody

a. Paroxysmal Cold Haemoglobinuria
b. Beta thalassaemia
c. Lead poisoning
d. Sickle cell anaemia
e. Heriditary spherocytosis
f. Pyruvate kinase deficiency
g. Sideroblastic anaemia
h. Pernicious anaemia
i. B12 defienciency
j. Iron deficiency anaemia

A

A. Paroxysmal Cold Haemoglobinuria
Paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria – haemolysis when the patient is in the cold, bit of a random one. Just thought it had a good random antibody.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Choose the condition which best fits the appearance on the blood film and associated symptoms:

Meglaoblastic macrocytic anaemia with negative antibody test

a. Paroxysmal Cold Haemoglobinuria
b. Beta thalassaemia
c. Lead poisoning
d. Sickle cell anaemia
e. Heriditary spherocytosis
f. Pyruvate kinase deficiency
g. Sideroblastic anaemia
h. Pernicious anaemia
i. B12 deficiency
j. Iron deficiency anaemia

A

I. B12 Deficiency

Pernicious anaemia presents with a similar blood film but has parietal cell antibodies present and may also present with achlorhydria.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Choose the condition which best fits the appearance on the blood film and associated symptoms:

Prussian Blue stain shows Pappenheimer bodies within the RBCs arranged in a pathological pattern.

a. Paroxysmal Cold Haemoglobinuria
b. Beta thalassaemia
c. Lead poisoning
d. Sickle cell anaemia
e. Heriditary spherocytosis
f. Pyruvate kinase deficiency
g. Sideroblastic anaemia
h. Pernicious anaemia
i. B12 defienciency
j. Iron deficiency anaemia

A

G. Sideroblastic Anaemia

Pappenheimer bodies is another way of saying iron granules. As you know, sideroblastic anaemia is characterised by iron granules clustered around a nucleated RBC otherwise known as a ring sideroblast.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

3 year old boy presents with easy bruising, recurrent nosebleeds and bleeding gums. On investigation he has a prolonged APTT

a. Haemophilia A
b. Von Willebrand’s Disease
c. Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Pupura
d. Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome
e. Thrombocytopenia
f. Protein C deficiency
g. Vitamin K deficiency
h. Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia
i. Gray-Platelet Syndrome
j. Glanzmann Thrombasthenia

A

A. Haemophilia A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A 34 year old patient with microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, renal failure and loss of consciousness.

a. Haemophilia A
b. Von Willebrand’s Disease
c. Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Pupura
d. Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome
e. Thrombocytopenia
f. Protein C deficiency
g. Vitamin K deficiency
h. Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia
i. Gray-Platelet Syndrome
j. Glanzmann Thrombasthenia

A

C.

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura presents with MAHA, renal failure, neurology, fever and thrombocytopeni It can be due to the ADAMS13 antibody against metalloproteinase.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A 5 year old girl with a long term catheter in situ presents with diarrhoea, thrombocytopenia and seizures.

a. Haemophilia A
b. Von Willebrand’s Disease
c. Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Pupura
d. Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome
e. Thrombocytopenia
f. Protein C deficiency
g. Vitamin K deficiency
h. Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia
i. Gray-Platelet Syndrome
j. Glanzmann Thrombasthenia

A

D.

HUS often presents in children, particularly after an E. coli or Salmonella infection. They can present with typical TTP symptoms but also with the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A 23 year old student who shuns “rabbit food” presents with bleeding gums and easy bruising after a long course of antibiotics for her rampant STIs.

a. Haemophilia A
b. Von Willebrand’s Disease
c. Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Pupura
d. Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome
e. Thrombocytopenia
f. Protein C deficiency
g. Vitamin K deficiency
h. Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia
i. Gray-Platelet Syndrome
j. Glanzmann Thrombasthenia

A

G.

typical vitamin k deficiency, other causes include biliary obstruction and malabsorption. The long course of antibiotics is relevant because the intestinal flora synthesize vitamin K from the diet. Glanzmann thrombasthenia is a rare congenital cause of defective platelet formation. Also, remember from the clotting pathway that protein S activates protein C and together then break down factor V. You need them to put a break on the clotting cascade.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A 40 year old man presents with non-blanching petechiae, subconjunctival haemorrhages and gangrene in his fingers

a. Haemophilia A
b. Von Willebrand’s Disease
c. Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Pupura
d. Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome
e. Thrombocytopenia
f. Protein C deficiency
g. Vitamin K deficiency
h. Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia
i. Gray-Platelet Syndrome
j. Glanzmann Thrombasthenia

A

H.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Marker of multiple myeloma

a. CD34
b. CCD3
c. CD5
d. CD20
e. BCL-2
f. CD30
g. Cyclin D1
h. CD38

A

H. CD38

CD34 (marker of immature blasts)
CCD3 distinguishes T-CLL from B-CLL, also expressed are 
CD5 (marker of mature T cells, seen in CLL)
CD20 (inhibited by rituximab)
BCL-2 (present in follicular lymphoma)
CD30 (HL cell marker) along with CD15
Cyclin D1 (mantle cell lymphoma) 
CD38 (multiple myeloma)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Used to distinguish the T cell lineage in CLL

a. CD34
b. CCD3
c. CD5
d. CD20
e. BCL-2
f. CD30
g. Cyclin D1
h. CD38

A

B.

CD34 (marker of immature blasts)
CCD3 distinguishes T-CLL from B-CLL, also expressed are 
CD5 (marker of mature T cells, seen in CLL)
CD20 (inhibited by rituximab)
BCL-2 (present in follicular lymphoma)
CD30 (HL cell marker) along with CD15
Cyclin D1 (mantle cell lymphoma) 
CD38 (multiple myeloma)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Marker of immature lymphoid blasts

a. CD34
b. CCD3
c. CD5
d. CD20
e. BCL-2
f. CD30
g. Cyclin D1
h. CD38

A

A. CD34

CD34 (marker of immature blasts)
CCD3 distinguishes T-CLL from B-CLL, also expressed are 
CD5 (marker of mature T cells, seen in CLL)
CD20 (inhibited by rituximab)
BCL-2 (present in follicular lymphoma)
CD30 (HL cell marker) along with CD15
Cyclin D1 (mantle cell lymphoma) 
CD38 (multiple myeloma)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Inhibited by rituximab

a. CD34
b. CCD3
c. CD5
d. CD20
e. BCL-2
f. CD30
g. Cyclin D1
h. CD38

A

D. CD20

CD34 (marker of immature blasts)
CCD3 distinguishes T-CLL from B-CLL, also expressed are 
CD5 (marker of mature T cells, seen in CLL)
CD20 (inhibited by rituximab)
BCL-2 (present in follicular lymphoma)
CD30 (HL cell marker) along with CD15
Cyclin D1 (mantle cell lymphoma) 
CD38 (multiple myeloma)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

One of the 2 main markers in Hodgkin Lymphoma

a. CD34
b. CCD3
c. CD5
d. CD20
e. BCL-2
f. CD30
g. Cyclin D1
h. CD38

A

F. CD30

CD34 (marker of immature blasts)
CCD3 distinguishes T-CLL from B-CLL, also expressed are 
CD5 (marker of mature T cells, seen in CLL)
CD20 (inhibited by rituximab)
BCL-2 (present in follicular lymphoma)
CD30 (HL cell marker) along with CD15
Cyclin D1 (mantle cell lymphoma) 
CD38 (multiple myeloma)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A 28 year old patient presents 24 hours after their blood transfusion with slight fever, chills and rigors.

a. Febrile Non-Haemolytic Transfusion Reaction
b. ABO incompatability
c. transfusion related sepsis
d. Transfusion Related Circulatory Overload
e. IgA deficiency
f. Mild Allergic Reaction
g. Alaphylaxis
h. Transfusion Associated Dyspnoea
i. Transfusion Associated GVHD

A

A. Febrile Non-haemolytic Transfusion Reaction

The WBCs produce cytokines in the bag. This is rarer now that we leucodeplete the blood but as soon as the blood is out of the body the leukocytes produce these cytokines.

17
Q

A 32 year old requiring blood transfusion after a PPH suddenly collapses with breathlessness, sats of 81% on air and a BP of 92/61 4 hours after her transfusion.

a. Febrile Non-Haemolytic Transfusion Reaction
b. ABO incompatability
c. transfusion related sepsis
d. Transfusion Related Circulatory Overload
e. IgA deficiency
f. Mild Allergic Reaction
g. Alaphylaxis
h. Transfusion Associated Dyspnoea
i. Transfusion Associated GVHD
j. Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury

A

J. Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI)
Due to interaction between the donor Abs and patient Ags. The interaction in the lung causes aggregates that get stuck in the small capillaries. They release proteolytic enzymes and cause local damage, hence the lungs become leaky.

18
Q

As you take the canula out of the patient following blood transfusion you notice the blood won’t stop and the urine in the bag has turned very brown.

a. Febrile Non-Haemolytic Transfusion Reaction
b. ABO incompatability
c. transfusion related sepsis
d. Transfusion Related Circulatory Overload
e. IgA deficiency
f. Mild Allergic Reaction
g. Alaphylaxis
h. Transfusion Associated Dyspnoea
i. Transfusion Associated GVHD

A

B. ABO incompatability

Immediate Ab:Ag interaction causes complement mediated RBC destruction.

19
Q

Within 10 minutes of receiving her transfusion, Betsy starts itching all over and wheezing.

a. Febrile Non-Haemolytic Transfusion Reaction
b. ABO incompatability
c. transfusion related sepsis
d. Transfusion Related Circulatory Overload
e. IgA deficiency
f. Mild Allergic Reaction
g. Alaphylaxis
h. Transfusion Associated Dyspnoea
i. Transfusion Associated GVHD

A

G. Anaphylaxis

20
Q

After an over-enthusiastic resuscitation by London HEMS with blood, Terrible Terry develops breathlessness, a dropping GCS and tachycardia with a BP of 193/110

a. Febrile Non-Haemolytic Transfusion Reaction
b. ABO incompatability
c. transfusion related sepsis
d. Transfusion Associated Circulatory Overload
e. IgA deficiency
f. Mild Allergic Reaction
g. Alaphylaxis
h. Transfusion Associated Dyspnoea
i. Transfusion Associated GVHD

A

D. TACO!!

Terrible Terry’s Triumph motorcycle gave him transfusion TACO.
- due to inattention to fluids or transfusing too fast

21
Q

A 55 year old man presents with peripheral gangrene, renal failure and faggot cells seen on blood film

a. Hairy Cell Leukaemia
b. Adult T cell Leukaemia
c. Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia
d. Follicular Lymphoma
e. Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia
f. Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
g. Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
h. Mantle Cell Lymphoma
i. Peripheral T cell Lymphoma
j. Multiple Myeloma
k. Myelofibrosis

A

E. Acute promyelocytic leukaemia

This man is suffering from DIC as a complication of stacking of Auer rods inside the faggot cells (like a bundle of sticks). It is the M3 subtype of AML and this is important to differentiate as it impacts treatment. Treat with ATRA (all trans-retinoic acid).

22
Q

A 42 year old Japanese man presents with odd skin lesions, mild splenomegaly and clover leaf shaped CD4+ cells.

a. Hairy Cell Leukaemia
b. Adult T cell Leukaemia
c. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia
d. Follicular Lymphoma
e. Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia
f. Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
g. Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
h. Mantle Cell Lymphoma
i. Peripheral T cell Lymphoma
j. Multiple Myeloma
k. Myelofibrosis

A

B. Adult T cell leukaemia

Associated with HTLV-1 infection and is seen only in Japan and the Caribbean.

23
Q

a 72 year old man presents with blood film showing smear cells, sheets of uniform round B cells and lymphocytosis after a routine investigation for anaemia. He also is noted to have lymphadonopathy with

A

F. Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma

Clinically indistinguishable from CLL this lymphoproliferative disease exists soley in the lymphatic system hence why the circulating levels of monoclonal B cells are lower than in CLL. There are also no bone marrow symptoms as the cells are sequestered in the lymphatics, not the BM. Expresses

24
Q

60 year old gentleman with lymphadonopathy. Blood film showing a predominance of centrozytes and centroblasts.

a. Hairy Cell Leukaemia
b. Adult T cell Leukaemia
c. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia
d. Follicular Lymphoma
e. Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia
f. Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
g. Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
h. Mantle Cell Lymphoma
i. Peripheral T cell Lymphoma
j. Multiple Myeloma
k. Myelofibrosis

A

D. Follicular Lymphoma

Mean age of onset is 60. It is thought to be due to BCL-2 gene that prevents apoptosis in the follicles. BCL-2 positive cells are generated in the center of the germinal follicles, follicles also are nodular and closely packed.

25
Q

A 55 year old woman presents with worsening backache and excessive thirst. Blood film shows a macro/normocytic anaemia with Rouleux formation.

a. Hairy Cell Leukaemia
b. Adult T cell Leukaemia
c. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia
d. Follicular Lymphoma
e. Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia
f. Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
g. Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
h. Mantle Cell Lymphoma
i. Peripheral T cell Lymphoma
j. Multiple Myeloma
k. Myelofibrosis

A

J. Multiple Myeloma

Will write explain later if you want it, got bored, sorry :D

Ladies (+ Bradley) Path 2016 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions