Haematemesis other Flashcards

1
Q

Haematemesis management for a patient waiting for endoscopy (5)

A

Regular observation, NBM, fluids, Pro-kinetic (empties the stomach), thiamine if malnourished to prevent wernickes encephalopathy.

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2
Q

Haematemesis other forms of imaging?

A

Angiography; Active bleeding vessels can be visualised.

Laparotomy; To visualise peptic ulcers.

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3
Q

Haematemesis methods for stopping oesophageal varices?

A

Endoscopic band ligation, Endoscopic sclerotherapy, Balloon tamponade, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS, relieves portal hypertension).

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4
Q

Haematemesis long term management?

A

Lifestyle advice: stop smoking and drinking.

Lower BP: minimise the chance of oesophageal varices, propranolol or isosorbide mononitrates (if asthma)

Antibiotics: 1 week e.g. ciprofloxacin for liver cirrhosis with upper GI bleeding.

Treat encephalopathy.

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5
Q

Haematemesis peptic ulcer disease risk factors?

A

H. Pylori, smoking, alcohol, NSAIDs and aspirin, hypercalcaemia, stress.

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