Haematemesis other Flashcards
Haematemesis management for a patient waiting for endoscopy (5)
Regular observation, NBM, fluids, Pro-kinetic (empties the stomach), thiamine if malnourished to prevent wernickes encephalopathy.
Haematemesis other forms of imaging?
Angiography; Active bleeding vessels can be visualised.
Laparotomy; To visualise peptic ulcers.
Haematemesis methods for stopping oesophageal varices?
Endoscopic band ligation, Endoscopic sclerotherapy, Balloon tamponade, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS, relieves portal hypertension).
Haematemesis long term management?
Lifestyle advice: stop smoking and drinking.
Lower BP: minimise the chance of oesophageal varices, propranolol or isosorbide mononitrates (if asthma)
Antibiotics: 1 week e.g. ciprofloxacin for liver cirrhosis with upper GI bleeding.
Treat encephalopathy.
Haematemesis peptic ulcer disease risk factors?
H. Pylori, smoking, alcohol, NSAIDs and aspirin, hypercalcaemia, stress.