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A Cloud Guru - AWS > HA Architecture > Flashcards

HA Architecture Flashcards

1
Q

What is Elastic Load Balancer?

A

Elastic Load Balancing automatically distributes incoming application traffic across multiple targets.

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2
Q

What are the different types of Load Balancer?

A

“Applicantion Load Balancer
Network Load Balancer
Gateway Load Balancer
Classic Load Balancer”

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3
Q

What is application Load Balancer?

A

Application Load Balancer is best suited for load balancing of HTTP and HTTPS traffic

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4
Q

What is Network Load Balancer?

A

Network Load Balancer is best suited for TCP & UDP traffic

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5
Q

What is Classic Load Balancer?

A

Classic Load Balancer provides basic load balancing for HTTP,HTTPS,TCP & UDP

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6
Q

What is Gateway Load Balancer?

A

Gateway Load Balancer makes it easy to deploy, scale, and run third-party virtual networking appliances

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7
Q

What is 504 error?

A

504 error means th gateway has timedout. We need to check application/database server.

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8
Q

What is X-Forwarded-For Header?

A

if you need IPv4 address of your end user,Look for X-Forwarded-For header.

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9
Q

Load balancer available in which service?

A

EC2

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10
Q

What address do we get to access load balancer?

A

DNS address

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11
Q

Instances monitor in ELB are reported as?

A

InService / OutofService

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12
Q

How ELB does health check?

A

By talking to it

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13
Q

What is sticky sessions?

A

Sticky sessions enable your user to stick to the same EC2 instance.

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14
Q

What is Cross zone load balancing?

A

Cross Zone Load Balancer allows you to load balance across multiple Availability Zone

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15
Q

what is path patterns?

A

Path pattern allows you to direct traffic to different EC2 instance based on URL

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16
Q

What is auto scaling?

A

AWS Auto Scaling monitors your applications and automatically adjusts capacity to maintain steady performance.

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17
Q

What are the main components of auto scaling?

A

Groups,Configuration Template & Scaling Options

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18
Q

What is groups in auto scaling?

A

Groups are logical components.Application group,Webserver group & database group

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19
Q

What is Configuration Template in auto scaling?

A

Groups uses these templates for EC2 instance; It contains AMI details,Instance details,security group etc.

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20
Q

What is scaling options in auto scaling?

A

Scaling options provide several ways for your Auto scaling group based on specific condition or schedule.

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21
Q

What are the different scaling options in auto scaling?

A 
"Maintain current instance level at all times.
Scale Manually.
Scale Based on schedule.
Scale based on demand.
Use predictive scaling."
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22
Q

What is maintain current instance at all time in auto scaling?

A

You can configure your auto scaling group to maintain a specific number of instance running at all time.

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23
Q

What is scale manually in auto scaling?

A

Scale Manually in auto scaling allows you to modify minimum & minimum capacity of your auto scaling group.

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24
Q

What is scale based on schedule in auto scaling?

A

Scale based on schedule means scaling actions are performed at a specific time period.

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25
Q

what is scale based on demand in auto scaling?

A

Scale based on demand allows you to define parameter like CPU utilization that control scaling process

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26
Q

what is predictive scaling in auto scaling?

A

Predictive scaling use AWS auto scaling to maintain optimal availability & performance.

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27
Q

Where we can find Auto Scaling options?

A

in EC2 section

28
Q

What we do in Launch Configuration in Auto scaling?

A

in EC2 section

29
Q

What we do in Auto scale configuration in Auto scaling?

A

in EC2 section

30
Q

If you delete auto scaling group what will happened resources?

A

It will be deleted automatically

31
Q

What is Scale-out?

A

Horizontal scaling

32
Q

What is Scale-up?

A

Vertical scaling

33
Q

What is AWS Cloud Formation?

A

AWS CloudFormation gives you an easy way to model a collection of related AWS resources, provision them quickly and consistently.

34
Q

What is Elastic Beanstalk?

A

“AWS Elastic Beanstalk is an easy-to-use service for deploying and scaling web applications and services developed with Java, .NET etc.
Elastic Beanstalk automatically handles the deployment, from capacity provisioning, load balancing, auto-scaling to application health monitoring”

35
Q

Which Load balancer support layer 4 ?

A

Network / classic & Gateway load balancer support layer 4

36
Q

Which Load balancer support layer 7 ?

A

Application / classic & Gateway load balancer support layer 7

37
Q

Which Load balancer support layer 3 ?

A

Gateway load balancer support layer 3

38
Q

Application load balancer support which protocol?

A

HTTP & HTTPS

39
Q

Network load balancer support which protocol?

A

TCP & UDP

40
Q

Classic Load balancer support which protocol?

A

HTTP, HTTPS, TCP & UDP

41
Q

Do we get IP address to access Load Balancer?

A

NO we get only DNS name.

42
Q

What is Corntab?

A

A Linux cron job run one or more commands on a specified schedule.

43
Q

Bastion Host available config for HA?

A

“Bastion Host with Network Load Balancer

Bastion Host with Auto Scaling Group”

44
Q

What is Database Migration Service?

A

Allows you to move database to & from AWS

45
Q

What is server migration service?

A

Allows you incremental replication of on-premise servers to AWS

46
Q

what is AWS Application discovery service?

A

It helps enterprise customer to plan migration projects by gathering information about their on-premise data center.

47
Q

What is VM Import /Export?

A

Migrate existing application to EC2

48
Q

What is Amazon Linux2 as ISO?

A

Allows you to download Amazon Linux2 as ISO

49
Q

In discussions about Cloud services the words ‘Availability’, ‘Durability’, ‘Reliability’ and ‘Resiliency’ are often used. Which term is used to refer to the likelihood that you can access a resource or service when you need it?

A

Availability

50
Q

Placement Groups can either be of the type ‘Cluster’, ‘Spread’, or ‘Partition’. Choose options from below which are only specific to Spread Placement Groups?

A

A spread placement group supports a maximum of seven running instances per Availability Zone.

51
Q

You need to use an object-based storage solution to store your critical, non-replaceable data in a cost-effective way. This data will be frequently updated and will need some form of version control enabled on it. Which S3 storage solution should you use?

A

S3 Standard

52
Q

“Regarding the S3 Standard, S3 Intelligent-Tiering, S3 Standard-IA, S3 One Zone-IA, S3 Glacier, and S3 Glacier Deep Archive Amazon S3 storage classes, objects are designed for ____ durability.
“

A

99.999999999

53
Q

You work for a major news network in Europe. They have just released a new mobile app that allows users to post their photos of newsworthy events in real-time. Your organization expects this app to grow very quickly, essentially doubling its user base each month. The app uses S3 to store the images, and you are expecting sudden and sizable increases in traffic to S3 when a major news event takes place (as users will be uploading large amounts of content.) You need to keep your storage costs to a minimum, and you are happy to temporarily lose access to up to 0.1% of uploads per year. With these factors in mind, which storage media should you use to keep costs as low as possible?

A

S3 Standard IA

54
Q

In discussions about Cloud services the words ‘Availability’, ‘Durability’, ‘Reliability’ and ‘Resiliency’ are often used. Which term is used to refer to the likelihood that a resource will continue to exist until you decide to remove it?

A

Durability

55
Q

Can I “force” a failover for any RDS instance that has Multi-AZ configured?

A

Yes

56
Q

A product manager walks into your office and advises that the simple single node MySQL RDS instance that has been used for a pilot needs to be upgraded for production. She also advises that they may need to alter the size of the instance once they see how many people use the system during peak periods. The key concern is that there can not be any outages of more than a few seconds during the go-live period. Which of the following might you recommend,

A

”
Convert the RDS instance to a multi-AZ implementation.
Consider replacing it with Aurora before go live.”

57
Q

“Your company has built an internal scrum tool for running all your scrum ceremonies. Usage is predictably high between 9 - 10AM Mon-Fri and also 1PM - 2PM Thu and Fri. Which feature of autoscaling will easily prepare your system to handle the load?
“

A

scheduled scaling

58
Q

You manage a high-performance site that collects scientific data using a bespoke protocol over TCP port 1414. The data comes in at high speed and is distributed to an autoscaling group of EC2 compute services spread over three AZs. Which type of AWS Load Balancer would best meet this requirement?

A

Network Load Balancer

59
Q

In discussions about Cloud services the words ‘Availability’, ‘Durability’, ‘Reliability’ and ‘Resiliency’ are often used. Which term is used to refer to the likelihood that a resource is able to recover from damage or disruption?

A

Resiliency

60
Q

You have a web site with three distinct services (mysite.co/accounts, mysite.co/sales, and mysite.co/support); each hosted by different web server Auto Scaling groups. You need to use advanced routing to send requests to specific web servers, based on configured rules. Which of the following AWS services should you use?

A

Application Load Balancer

61
Q

Which service works in conjunction with EC2 Autoscaling in order to provide predictive scaling based on daily and weekly trends?

A

AWS Autoscaling

62
Q

“In discussions about Cloud services the words ‘Availability’, ‘Durability’, ‘Reliability’ and ‘Resiliency’ are often used. Which term is used to refer to the likelihood that a resource will work as designed?
“

A

Reliability

63
Q

You work for a manufacturing company that operate a hybrid infrastructure with systems located both in a local data center and in AWS, connected via AWS Direct Connect. Currently, all on-premise servers are backed up to a local NAS, but your CTO wants you to decide on the best way to store copies of these backups in AWS. He has asked you to propose a solution which will provide access to the files within milliseconds should they be needed, but at the same time minimizes cost. As these files will be copies of backups stored on-premise, availability is not as critical as durability, but both are important. Choose the best option from the following which meets the brief

A

S3 Standard isn’t the most cost-effective solution since S3 Standard-IA is also designed for durability of 99.999999999%.

64
Q

When an EC2 instance is being modified to have more RAM, is this considered Scaling Up or Scaling Out?

A

Scaling out

65
Q

You are running an Amazon RDS Multi-AZ deployment. Can you use the secondary database as an independent read node?

A

You can’t use the standby (secondary database) to offload reads from an application. The standby instance is only there for failover. If you want an independent read node, you need to create a special type of DB instance called a read replica, from a source DB instance.

A Cloud Guru - AWS (11 decks)

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