H. Pylori and Gastric Disease

Question 1

what is Dyspepsia

Answer 1

One or more of;

Post-prandial fullness
Early Satiety
Epigastric or Retrosternal pain or burning

Question 2

when to refer for Endoscopy

Answer 2

A - Anorexia
L - Loss of weight
A - Anaemia 
R - Recent onset >55 or persistent despite treatment
M - Melaena/Haematemesis or Mass
S - Swallowing problems (dyphagia)

Question 3

Helicobacter Pylori, Gram -ve or +ve

Answer 3

Gram NEGATIVE

Question 4

How common is H. pylori

Answer 4

infects 50% of the world population

Question 5

Clinical Outcomes of H.pylori infetions

Answer 5

Asymptomatic or Chronic Gastritis (80%)

Chronic Atrophic Gastritis          
Intestinal Metaplasia             (15-20%)

Gastric or Duodenal Ulcer  (15-20%)
Gastric Cancer (<1%)

Question 6

What can H. pylori colonise

Answer 6

Only Gatric Type Mucosa (does not penetrate the epithelial layer)

Question 7

Non-Invasive diagnosis of H.pylori

Answer 7

Serology (IgG against H. pylori)
13C/14C Urea Breath Test
Stool antigen test - ELISA

Question 8

Invasive diagnosis of H. pylori (endoscopic)

Answer 8

Histology (gastric biopsies stained for HP
Culture of gastric biopsies
Rapied slide urease test (CLO)

Question 9

what is Gastritis

Answer 9

Inflamation of the Gastric Mucosa

Question 10

Causes of Gastritis

Answer 10

ABC
Autoimmune (parietal cells)
Bacterial
Chemical

Question 11

Tow risk Factors for petic ulcers

Answer 11

NSAIDs

Smoking

Question 12

How do you diagnose Gastric Outlet Obstruction (GOO)

Answer 12

UGIE (pronlonged fast)

Question 13

Symptoms of GOO

Answer 13

Early satiety
Abdominal Distension
Weight Loss
Gastric Splash

Question 14

Signs of GOO

Answer 14

Vomiting - which lack sbile and contains fermented foodstuffs