H. pylori

Question 1

what does H. pylori cause?

infection=

inflammation=

ulcer=

Answer 1

the bacterium causing peptic ulcer disease

infection= H. pylori infects the lower part of the stomach, antrium.

Inflammation= H. pylori causes inflammation of the gastric mucosa (gastritis) this is often asymptomatic.

Ulcer= gastric inflammation may lead to duodenal or gastric ulcer. Severe complications include bleeding ucler and perforated ulcer

Question 2

stages of how the inflammation occurs: (1-4)

Answer 2

1) bacteria goes through gastric fluid and down through mucus layer setting on the epithelial cell.
2) Urease to neutralize the gastric acid
3) Bacteria reproduces
4) mucosal damage from bacterial mucinase; inflammation by gastic acid, proteases, and effector molecules; mucosal cell death from cytotoxins and ammonia.

Question 3

Cag A secretion affects?

increase in urease productions does what?

Vac A increases?

Can down regulate PCD by?

Answer 3

Cag A secretion affects NF-KB

increase in urease production which binds to MHC molecules, and increase apoptosis.

Vac A increases mitochondrial release of cytochrome C– caspase cascade

Can down regulate PCD through inhibition of NF-KB through prostaglandin production through COX enzymes.

Question 4

H. pylori gives you a risk for?

Answer 4

gastric cancer

for example same risk for smoking and getting lung cancer

Question 5

two scientists that drank h. pylori, and what they believed?

Answer 5

warren and marshall

and they believe it wasnt ulcer related, but that it was bacterial (and it was H. pylori)

Question 6

what kind of organism is H. pylori?

gram?

transferred how?

and is it motile?

Answer 6

spiral organism

gram-

fecal-oral OR oral-oral

motile

Question 7

what is the trend of getting H. pylori?

where does it colonize?

Answer 7

you usually get the bacteria younger in age, and it stays with you for life

it colonizes in the mucus layer of the human stomach

Question 8

why is H. pylori able to live in the epithelium cells?

Answer 8

because the pH is about 7, which is higher than the pH 2 in the middle stomach

Question 9

H. pylori is classified as?

Answer 9

type 1 carcinogen

Question 10

• essential for virulence?
• multiple adhesins?
• toxin?
• protein?

Answer 10

urease; essential for virulence

multiple adhesins (like BabA, only 30% of cells attach to epithetium)

toxin called VacA

CagA protein—> associated with ulcers and other severe disease.

Cag island encodes secretory system

Question 11

pathogenesis=

Answer 11

evolution of host and disease causer

Question 12

if you had H. pylori what does it protect you from?

Answer 12

protects against esophogitis disease