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MRCS - Anatomy Cian > H&N - Neck > Flashcards

H&N - Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Level of common carotid bibfurcation

A

C3-C4

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2
Q

Level of end of pharynx/larynx start of oesophagus/trachea

A

C5/6

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3
Q

Where do you do a tracheostomy

A

Emergency situation: Cricothyroid membrane

Normally: 2nd tracheal ring

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4
Q

Fascia in neck

A

Investing

Prevertebral

Pretracheal

Carotid sheath

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5
Q

Fascial spaces

A

Pretracheal

Retropharyngeal

Prevertebral layer

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6
Q

Which vessels form external jugular vein

A

Posterior retromandibular and posterior auricular

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7
Q

Course of external jugular vein

A

Passes down in the superficial fascia, superficial to sternocleidomastoid

Pierces invesiting fascia, superior to clavicle, posterior to sternocleidomastoid

Enters subclavian

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8
Q

Vessels tributing to external jugular vein

A

Posterior external jugular

Transverse cervical

Supra scapular

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9
Q

Anterior jugular vein

A

Form at hyoid level,

Pierces investing fascia

Drains into subclavian

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10
Q

Anterior neck triangles

A

Submental

Submandibular

Carotid

Muscular

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11
Q

Submental triangle boundaries

A

Mandibular symphysis

Anterior belly of digastric

Body of hyoid bone

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12
Q

Content of submental triangle

A

Submental nodes

Tributaries forming anterior jugular vein

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13
Q

Submandibular triangle boundaries

A

Lower border of mandible

Anterior belly of digastric

Posterior belly of digastric

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14
Q

Submandibular triangle content

A

Submandibular gland

Submandibular lymph nodes

Hypoglossal nerve

Mylohyoid nerve

Facial artery and vein

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15
Q

Carotid triangle boundaries

A

Posterior belly of digastric

Superior belly of omohyoid

Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

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16
Q

Carotid triangle content

A

Common, internal and external carotid arteries

Internal jugular vein, Common facial vein

Cervical branch of facial, CN10,11,12, ansa cervicalis transverse cervical nerve

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17
Q

Muscular triangle boundaries

A

Midline

Sternocleidomastoid

Superior belly of omohyoid

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18
Q

Muscular triangle content

A

Muscles: Sternohyoid, omohyoid, thyrohyoid

Thyroid, Parathyroid

Pharynx

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19
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Stylohyoid

Digastric

Mylohyoid

Geniohyoid

20
Q

Function of suprahyoid muscles

A

elevate hyoid bone

21
Q

Innervation of stylohyoid

22
Q

Innervation of digastric muscle

A

Anterior: mylohyoid (V3)
Posterior: facial nerve

23
Q

Innervation of mylohyoid

A

Mylohyoid nerve (V3)

24
Q

Innervation of geniohyoid

A

C1 ( carried along CN11)

25
Infrahyoid muscles
Sternohyoid Omohyoid Thyrohyoid Sternothyroid
26
Action of infrahyoid muscles
depresses hyoid
27
Innervation of infrahyoid muscles
Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
28
Ansa cervicalis roots
C1-C3
29
Which muscles does ansa cervicalis innervate
GHost THought SOmeone Stupid Shot Irene GenioHyoid ThyroidHyoid Superior Omohyoid SternoThyroid SternoHyoid Inferior Omohyoid
30
Ansa cervicalis relations
Superior part crosses internal carotid Inferior part crosses internal jugular
31
Vertebral level of hyoid
C3
32
Vertebral level of thyroid
C4
33
Vertebral level of cricoid
C5
34
Lower border of cricoid landmark significance
Junction of: Larynx and trachea Pharynx and oesophagus Inferior thyroid artery and thyroid gland
35
Thyroid gland relations
Enclosed in pretracheal fascia with trachea and recurrent laryngeal nerve Lateral: carotid sheath Internal carotid, Internal jugular, Vagus Accessory lobe: pyramidal from isthmus
36
Arterial supply to thyroid gland
Superior thyroid artery (external carotid artery) Inferior thyroid artery (thyrocervical trunk artery) 10% of people: Thyroid ima a. (branch of brachiocephalic)
37
Venous drainage of thyroid
Superior and middle thyroid veins (Into IJV) Inferior thyroid vein (into brachiocephalic vein)
38
Path of the recurrent laryngeal nerve
On right: loops around subclavian On left: loops around aortic arch
39
Posterior traingle subdivisions
Occipital triangle Omoclavicular triange
40
Nerves of posterior triangle
Accessory nerve Phrenic nerve Three trunks of the brachial plexus Branches of the cervical plexus: Supraclavicular nerve, transverse cervical nerve, great auricular nerve, lesser occipital nerve
41
Blood vessels of posterior triangle
External jugular vein subclavian artery
42
Cervical plexus
43
Termination of lymphatic trunks
Subclavian vein
44
Lymph nodes of the neck
45
Atlas Axis articulation
Dens inserts anterior to spinal cord
46
Which cranial nerve lies anterior to the carotid sheath
CN12
47
Position of cervical sympathetic chain
between carotid sheath and prevertebral fascia

MRCS - Anatomy Cian (23 decks)

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