H&N

Question 1

Histology of majority of HandN cancers

Answer 1

squamous cell

Question 2

Characteristic of HN cancers

Answer 2

more common in women, 50-70 YOA, mc in oral cavity. Etiology: tobacco, alcohol, diet, infections (HPV!).

Question 3

red flags in HN cances

Answer 3

symptoms lasting longer than 2 weeks and asymptomatic neck mass

Question 4

markers of agressive behaviour in HN cancers

Answer 4

perineural spread, lymphatic invasion, extracapsular extension.

Question 5

Stagning in HN cancers

Answer 5

TNM, stage 1 > 80 % survival, stage 3/4 = >

Question 6

what is field cancerization theory? HNC

Answer 6

Local recurrence are more common than distant metastasis

Question 7

treatment of HN cancers

Answer 7

ONE modality in stage 1 and 2. Surgery (oral cavity) or radiotherapy (oropharynx, larynx and nasopharynx)
stage 3/4 resectable: surgery +- chemo/RTH or chemoreadiotherapy
Locally unresectable disease: radio + chemo (cisplatin + 5 FU)

Question 8

when to use chemo in head and neck cancers?

Answer 8

palliative treatment
neoadjuvant
concurrent with RTH in locally advanced HN tumors.
Adjuvant = rare

Question 9

biolgic agent used in HN cancer

Answer 9

Cetuximab: anti EGFR

Question 10

diagnostic imaging used in HNC

Answer 10

CT