H Biology Digestive System

Question 1

Absorption

Answer 1

Products of digestion are absorbed by blood and supplied to the rest of the body

Question 2

Anus

Answer 2

The end of the digestive system, excretes Bodily waste

Question 3

Appendix

Answer 3

A small tube that is connected to the caecum, stores white bloods which contribute to your immune system

Question 4

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

Answer 4

The amount of energy the body requires to maintain homeostasis (at rest)

Question 5

Bile

Answer 5

Fluid made and secreted by the liver in order to break down fats

Question 6

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Answer 6

A person’s weight, divided by height, which is used to see if someone is healthy

Question 7

Bolus

Answer 7

A ball of chewed food

Question 8

Chyme

Answer 8

A mixture of partially digested food and enzymes, formed in the stomach and small intestine

Question 9

Digestion

Answer 9

The process of breaking down food by mechanical (ex. chewing) and chemical digestion (enzymes)

Question 10

Duodenum

Answer 10

Mixes food with bile and enzymes to chemically digest

Question 11

Elimination

Answer 11

Excreting waste and foreign substances from the body

Question 12

Epiglottis

Answer 12

(When food is swallowed) Covers the larynx so food and liquid do not enter the windpipe and lungs/respiratory system

Question 13

Essential nutrients

Answer 13

Vitamins, minerals, protein, fats, water, and carbohydrates. These are all needed for proper bodily function

Question 14

Fiber

Answer 14

Helps waste move smoothly through the body

Question 15

Gallbladder

Answer 15

Stores bile

Question 16

Glycosidases

Answer 16

Enzyme which breaks down carbohydrates

Question 17

HCL

Answer 17

Helps breakdown protein and absorb essential nutrients

Question 18

HDLs

Answer 18

(High-Density Lipoproteins) absorb cholesterol and carry it back to the liver

Question 19

Ingestion

Answer 19

Consumption of a substance by an organism

Question 20

Large Intestine

Answer 20

Absorbs water and electrolytes, produces and absorbs vitamins, forming and propelling feces to the rectum

Question 21

LDLs

Answer 21

(Low-Density Lipoproteins) Transports fat molecules around the body, make up most of the bodies cholesterol, high levels are bad

Question 22

Lipases

Answer 22

Enzyme that breaks down lipids

Question 23

Liver

Answer 23

Filtration
Digestion
Metabolism and Detoxification
Protein Synthesis
Storage of Vitamins and Minerals

Question 24

Microvilli

Answer 24

Microvilli of the small intestine increase surface area of the small intestine in order to absorb more nutrients

Question 25

Minerals

Answer 25

Building materials for bones
Influence muscle and nerve function
Regulating the body’s water balance

Question 26

Nucleases

Answer 26

Enzymes that break down nucleic acids

Question 27

Oral Cavity

Answer 27

Beginning of the digestive system

Question 28

Pancreas

Answer 28

Produces digestive enzymes

Question 29

Peristalsis

Answer 29

A series of wave like contraction that move substances through the digestive tract

Question 29

Proteases

Answer 29

Enzymes that break down proteins

Question 29

Rectum

Answer 29

Final section of the large intestine, right before anus

Question 30

Salivary Glands

Answer 30

Produce saliva, saliva contains enzymes which help digest food. Specifically amylase which breaks down carbs

Question 31

Sphincter

Answer 31

A ring like muscle that either relaxes or contract a opening in the body

Question 32

Villi

Answer 32

Absorb nutrients from the lumen of the small intestine

Question 33

Vitamin K

Answer 33

A fat-soluble vitamin, helps prevent blood clotting and the building of bones

Question 34

Vitamins

Answer 34

Boost the immune system
Support growth and development
Help with cellular and organ work