Gynecology Flashcards
Uterus parts
- Fundus
- Body
- Isthmus
- Cervix
Fundus of uterus
Rounded superior portion between uterine horns furthest from vaginal opening
Body of uterus
- Upper 2/3 of uterus
Contains uterine horns (entrance point for uterine tubes) and uterine cavity (internal space in body) (internal os of uterus)
Cervix
Supravaginal region, vaginal part, cervical canal (external os of uterus)
Layers of uterine wall
Perimetrium (outer layer, serious coat of peritoneum)
Myometrium (middle muscular layer, most vascularized)
Endometrium (inner mucus layer, adherent to myometrium)
Cervical cancer
Leading cause of death for North American women pre 1940s, when pap smear was developed
Hysterectomy
Excision of uterus through anterior abdominal wall or vagina
Uterine and Ovarian ligamentous structures
- Broad ligament of uterus
- Suspensory ligament of ovary
- Round ligament of uterus (fibrous remnant of ovarian gubernaculum)
- Ligament of ovary
- Transverse cervical ligament
- uterosacral ligament
Round ligament of the uterus
Fibrous remnant of the inferior part of the ovarian gubernaculum, extends from lateral uterus through mesometrium to labia majora via inguinal canal
Ligament of ovary
Fibrous remnant of superior part of ovarian gubernaculum, from lateral uterine wall to the ovary via mesometrium
Uterine tubes
- Infundibulum
- Ampulla
- Isthmus
- Uterine Part
Infundibulum
Funnel-shaped distal end opento peritoneal cavity near ovaries
- Abdominal ostium (from peritoneal cavity to infundibulum)
Fimbriae
Finger-like projections from end of infundibulum over ovaries
Ampulla
Longest portion (from infundibulum to isthmus)
Where do the ovaries lie?
Suspended by mesovarium
Vagina
Musculomembranous tube from cervix to vestibule of vagina between labia minora
Vaginal fornix
Short recess around cervix, typically described as having deep posterior, shallow anterior and lateral parts
Perineum
Shallow external compartment with female external genitalia or pudendum Contains: - Mons pubis - Pudendal cleft - Labia majora - Labia minora - Clitoris - Vaginal vestibule
Mons Pubis
Rounded, fatty prominence anterior to pubic symphysis
Pudendal cleft
Anterior slit between labia majora
Labia majora
Prominent skin folds that protect external urethral and vaginal orifices
- Anterior labial commissure- junction of right and left labia majora, anterior to angle of clitoris
- Posterior labial commissure- posterior limit of pudnedum, gone after first vaginal birth
Labia minora
Folds of fat-free, hairless skin within pudendal cleft and labia majora (surrounded by vestibule of vagina)
- Frenulum of labia minora (aka Fourchette) that exists in pre-sexual activity
Clitoris
Erectile organ extending from anterior junction of labia minora posteriorly to pubic symphysis that branches into 2 crura.
Crura of clitoris
Associated with inferior pubic rami, posterolateral projections of corpora cavernosa (right and left crus)
Prepuce of clitoris
Anterior most junction of labia minora which travels anterior to and covers glans clitoris
Frenula of clitoris
Travels posteriorly from clitoris to paired labia minora
Suspensory ligament of clitoris
Extends from pubic symphysis to body of clitoris
Vaginal vestibule
between paired labia minora, containing vaginal and external urethral orifices
External urethral orifice
Exit point of urethra
Vaginal orifice
Opening of vagina (hymen in pre-sexual activity)
Bulbs of vestibule
Paired, elongated erectile tissue surrounding vaginal orifice
- Homologous to bulb and corpus spongiosum of the penis
Greater vestibular glands
Paired glands, posterior to bulbs of the vestibule, that secrete mucus upon arousal
Lesser vestibular glands
paired glands on either side of the vestibule that secrete mucus between the external urethral orifice and vaginal orifice, providing moisture to labia and vaginal vestibule
