Gynaecologist & Obstetrician

Question 1

What is the definition of a gynecologists’?

Answer 1

They specialize in female reproductive health. They are able to diagnose and treat issues related to the female reproductive tract.

Question 2

What are some specific examples of what a gynecologists’ can do?

Answer 2

-Pelvic exams
-Pap tests
-Cancer screenings
-Diagnose and treat reproductive issues like endometriosis, infertility, ovarian cysts

Question 3

What is the function of the ovaries?

Answer 3

To produce and store female eggs

Question 4

What is a female egg called before it is released from the ovaries?

Answer 4

Ova

Question 5

What is a female egg called once is has matured and been released from the ovaries?

Answer 5

Ovum

Question 6

What is the function of the fallopian tubes?

Answer 6

To transport ova from the ovaries to the uterus. This is where fertilization’s occurs.

Question 7

What is the function of the uterus?

Answer 7

To nourish a fertilized ova/ovum

Question 8

What is the function of the cervix?

Answer 8

-To allow flow of menstrual blood from the uterus to the vagina
-To direct sperm into the uterus after ejaculation
-To expand to allow a baby to pass through during childbirth

Question 9

What is the function of the vagina?

Answer 9

-To provide a pathway for baby during birth
-To provide a pathway for the penis during intercourse
-To provide a pathway for menstrual blood to leave the uterus during periods

Question 10

What is the function of the vulva?

Answer 10

To protect the vaginal and urinary openings.

Question 11

How does Medicare affect gynecology?

Answer 11

Some rebates are available.

Question 12

How does the PBS affect gynaecology?

Answer 12

They can prescribe some medication that might be subsidized such as the contraceptive pill.

Question 13

How does PHI affect gynaecology?

Answer 13

Depends on level of cover.

Question 14

OCP

Answer 14

oral contraceptive pill

Question 15

LMP

Answer 15

last menstrual period

Question 16

What is the role of an obstetrician?

Answer 16

They provide specialized medical care during pregnancy and birth. They are trained to provide medical care during pregnancy, labor and birth, and after birth.

Question 17

What is the function of the testicles?

Answer 17

To produce testosterone/sperm

Question 18

What is the function of the scrotum?

Answer 18

Protects and regulates the temperature of the testes

Question 19

What is the function of the prostate gland?

Answer 19

To produce fluids that mix with the sperm to make up semen; the liquid which is ejected from the penis during ejaculation

Question 20

What is the function of the vas deferens?

Answer 20

To collect sperm from the testes and transport it to the urethra

Question 21

What is the function of the urethra?

Answer 21

-Transport semen containing sperm out of the prostate gland to the end of the penis
-Transport urine from the bladder to the end of the penis

Question 22

Name the four stages of conception

Answer 22

1. Ovulation
2. Ejaculation
3. Fertilization
4. Implantation

Question 23

Explain stage 1 of contraception

Answer 23

Ovulation.
The ovum (mature egg) is released from the ovaries to the fallopian tube.

Question 24

Explain stage 2 of contraception

Answer 24

Ejaculation.
This is where sperm is ejaculated from the penis into the vagina.

Question 25

Explain stage 3 of contraception

Answer 25

Fertilization.
This is where the sperm joins the egg and fertilizes it.

Question 26

Explain stage 4 of contraception

Answer 26

Implantation.
This is where the fertilized egg moves from the fallopian tube to the uterus and attaches itself to the uterine lining.

Question 27

Name the four types of development

Answer 27

Physical, Social, Intellectual, Emotional

Question 28

Describe Physical Development

Answer 28

Changes relating to body size and shape

Question 29

Describe Social Development

Answer 29

The ways in which our ability to interact with those around us as we move through the lifespan

Question 30

Define Intellectual Development

Answer 30

Changes in the way we are able to think and reason as we move through the lifespan

Question 31

Define Emotional Development

Answer 31

Learning to understand, control and express our feelings and moods appropriately

Question 32

What are the stages of the lifespan and their age categories?

Answer 32

-Pre-natal (conception to birth)
-Infancy (0-2 years)
-Childhood (2-10 years)
-Adolescence (10-20 years)
-Adulthood (20-65+ years)

Question 33

Name the substages of the pre-natal stage

Answer 33

-Germinal (0-2 weeks)
-Embryonic (3-8 weeks)
-Foetal (9 weeks - birth)

Question 34

Name the substages of the adulthood stage

Answer 34

-Early adulthood (20-40 years)
-Middle age (40-65 years)
-Old age (65+ years)

Question 35

Explain what happens in the Germinal stage

Answer 35

Two main parts; Fertilization (Sperm and egg form to make a zygote) and Implantation (The zygote is implanted into the uterine wall)

Question 36

Explain what happens in the Embryonic stage

Answer 36

-All organs (not reproductive) and all major body systems and structures develop
-Basic features emerge (e.g eyes, nose, mouth)
-By week 8, the heartbeat is detectable

Question 37

Explain what happens in the Foetal stage

Answer 37

-Main goal is to increase in size
-Testes and ovaries are formed
-Organs start to function (e.g digestive system)
-Bones begin to ossify (harden)

Question 38

Explain how the Australian Health Care System and an Obstetrician are related?

Answer 38

Medicare; Covered in public hospital for birth but also ultrasounds, blood tests etc
PBS; Can prescribe medications (e.g antibiotics)
PHI; Additional cover. Dependent on level of cover

Question 39

What are some specific examples of what Obstetricians do?

Answer 39

-Provide mothers with education on how to look after themselves therefore the development of the foetus
- Limit alcohol, smoking and drugs
-Be wary of certain foods
-Increase intake of folate
-Avoid Gestational Diabetes (GDM)