gynae

Question 1

greenish nipple discharge

Answer 1

mammary ductal ectasia or fibrocystic disease

Question 2

young female, highly mobile, smooth, non-tender, well-defined lump

Answer 2

fibroadenoma

Question 3

first time breastfeeding mother, engorged, erythematous, tender breast after 1 week

Answer 3

mastitis caused by staph aureus

Question 4

large mass in breast with frond-like architecture

Answer 4

phyllodes tumour

Question 5

young female, tender lumpiness, firm and soft, pain varying with menstrual cycle

Answer 5

fibrocystic change of breast

Question 6

most common cause of bloody nipple discharge

Answer 6

intraductal papilloma

Question 7

strawberry cervix (punctate and papilliform)

Answer 7

trichomonas vaginalis

Question 8

breast lump assessment

Answer 8

clinical exam + mammogram + core biopsy

Question 9

breast carcinoma with best prognosis

Answer 9

ductal carcinoma IN SITU (not invasive)

Question 10

diffuse infiltrative pattern with minimal desmoplasia

Answer 10

lobular carcinoma (invasive)

Question 11

globular enlargement of uterus (like it really really looks like a globe fr)

no well-defined mass; punctated black hemorrhagic foci + trabeculated myometrium

histo: endometrial glands and stroma abnormally located in myometrium

Answer 11

adenomyosis

Question 12

“chocolate cyst” or in pots when they remove the fluid: brownish to. blackened lining due to hemorrhage

histo: hemosiderin-laden macrophages

Answer 12

endometriotic cyst

chocolate is due to altered blood from reccurent bleeding

usually affects both ovaries although severity may differ

Question 13

intramural, large rounded, well circumscribed nodule. no evidence of infiltration into surrounding myometrium, fleshy and somewhat whorled, no necrosis/haemorrhage

Answer 13

leiomyoma

Question 14

pruritic crusted area of labia majora

intra-epidermal spread of atypical cells

Answer 14

extramammary paget disease

Question 15

condyloma acuminatum
or presence of koilocytes

Answer 15

HPV (normally 6,11 the low risk ones)

Question 16

most common type of cervical cancer is

Answer 16

scc (usually hpv 16, 18 the high risk ones)

Question 17

do vaccines for hpv cover all serotypes?

Answer 17

no (esp not all the high risk ones) (the high risk ones cause scc) (low risk = condyloma acuminatum)

Question 18

ectopic occurrence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus (which looks like red spots grossly)

Answer 18

endometriosis

Question 19

how does CIN present?

Answer 19

asymptomatic

Question 20

does endometriotic tissue respond to hormones like the normal endometrium?

Answer 20

yup so can use hormone therapy

Question 21

heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea are signs of?

Answer 21

adenomyosis

Question 22

most common cervical cyst

Answer 22

nabothian cyst

[benign and do not require treatment]
[mucin filled histologically]

Question 23

papillary serous carcinoma of ovary and papillary thyroid carcinoma have what? (histo)

Answer 23

psamomma bodies (concentric rings of calcification)