Gymnosperms Flashcards
Gymnosperms
Gymno- meaning
-sperm meaning
Naked
Seeds
Gymnosperms
Do they bear fruit?
No
Gymnosperms
Land adaptations? (3)
All from previous
Sperm dont need water to swim
Seeds
Gymnosperms
Land limitation?
Depend on wind to move sperm-producing structures to the eggs
Gymnosperms
What are the 3 parts of a seed
Sporophyte embryo
Nutritive tissues
Seed coat
Gymnosperms
What are the 4 phyla?
Pinophyta
Ginkophyta
Cycadophyta
Gnetophyta
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
General names (3)
Cedars
Spruces
Redwoods
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
Coniferous means?
Cone (strobila) bearing
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
How many species?
approx 600
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
Leaves =
Needles
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
Fassicle =
A bunch of needles 1-8
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
Hypodermis purpose?
Water retention
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
Sclerenchyma purpose?
Support
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
Stoma location and purpose?
Found in the depressions in epidermis
Water retention
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
Vascular tissue found in __
Bundles
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
Mesophyll is not ___
Differentiated
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
Resin canal purpose?
Chemical defense vs fungi and insects
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
Each megasporophyll has _ ovules
2
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
Each ovule has a __
Megasporangium
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
What 2 structures make up a megasporangium?
Nucellus
Megasporocyte
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
What is a nucellus?
Tissue where embryo grows up
Like a placenta
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
Megasporocyte creates how many megaspores?
How many live/die
4
3 die, 1 lives and becomes mature female gametophyte
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
Human uses
3 edible parts of pinophyta?
Phloem
Vascular cambium
Seeds
Gymnosperms: Pinophyta
Human uses general (7)
Wood
Pharmaceuticals
Paper
Dyes
Ornamental
Resin
Turpintine
Gymnosperms: Ginkophyta
General name
Ginko trees
Gymnosperms: Ginkophyta
How many species?
1
Gymnosperms: Ginkophyta
Extinct in the ___
Wild
Gymnosperms: Ginkophyta
Considered extinct until ___
Found in cultivation where (3)
1690
Palaces
Temples
Monasteries
Gymnosperms: Ginkophyta
Lifecycle
Similar to __ except ___
Similar to pinophyta except dioecious
Gymnosperms: Ginkophyta
Human uses (2)
Ornamental
Herbal remedies
Gymnosperms: Cycadophyta
General name
Cycad
Gymnosperms: Cycadophyta
How many species
approx 300
Gymnosperms: Cycadophyta
Lifecycle is similar to ___ except ___
pinophyta
dioecious
Gymnosperms: Cycadophyta
Human use (1)
Ornamental
Gymnosperms: Gnetophyta
How many species
approx 70
Gymnosperms: Gnetophyta
Synapomorphy?
Vessel elements
Other gymnosperms only have tracheids
Gymnosperms: Gnetophyta
General name
Ephedra
Gymnosperms: Gnetophyta
Human uses (2)
Pharmeceuticals: ephedrine
Herbal teas
