Gut Tube Flashcards
Three divisions of pharynx in order
Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
Where does the pharynx become continuous with the oesophagus?
At the lower border of the cricoid cartilage – C6
Where are the sites of constriction of the oesophagus?
- Boundary between pharynx and oesophagus
- Where the arch of aorta crosses the oesophagus
- Where the left main bronchus crosses the oesophagus
- At the oesophageal hiatus
Where does oesophagus pass the diaphragm at
T 10, right crus
Which structure would protect against reflux of food back into the airways?
Upper oesophageal sphincter
The 4 main regions of the stomach are:
- Cardia
- Fundus
- Body
- Pyloric part
Which specialised feature of the stomach lining increases its surface area and allows for expansion?
Gastric rugae/folds
Where is the foregut-midgut boundary
the foregut-midgut boundary is ½ along the 2nd part of the duodenum
Which part of duodenum is intra-peritoneal
The superior part (1st inch)
Which part of the pancreas touches which part of the spleen
Tail of pancreas touches hilum of spleen
What is the role of the ileocecal fold
Regulates passage of contents from ileum to cecum and acts as a sphincter preventing from cecum to ileum
What are the two small openings on the duodenum and what do they do
What are the names of these openings and what are they for?
Major duodenal papilla – opening for common bile duct and major pancreatic duct
Minor duodenal papilla – opening for accessory pancreatic duct
Where is the midgut/hindgut boundary
2/3 along the transverse colon
Which structures lie near the right colic flexure?
- Right kidney (posterior)
- Liver (anterior)
What structure lies near the left colic flexure
Spleen
Where does sigmoid colon run from to
Pelvic inlet to S3
What forms the lateral flexures of the rectum
The transverse folds of internal rectal wall
Cervical Levels of Celiac Trunk, SMA, IMA
T12, L1, L3
What ate the major sites of anastomosis
Oesophageal vein with left gastric vein, paraumbilical vein with epigastric vein, superior rectal vein with inferior rectal vein q
Which muscle type(s) form the muscularis externa layer of the oesophagus?
Upper 1/3 = skeletal; Middle 1/3 = skeletal/smooth; Lower 1/3 = smooth
What kind of muscle does muscularis mucosa consist of
double layer of smooth muscle
What does the lamina propria do
contains vasculature and loose connective tissue
What is the role of submucosain oesophageus
contains oesophageal glands that secrete mucus
What are the large circular folds on mucosal layer of SI
Plicae
