Gut and blood supply Flashcards
Aortic branch
Vertebral Level of origin
Gut region supplied
Celiac trunk
T12
Forgut
Superior mesenteric Artery
L1
Midgut
Inferior mesenteric Artery
L3
Hindgut
Which two veins join to form the Portal vein?
superior mesenteric a splenic veins
the function of having a chain of ganglia from neck to coccyx?
to allow sympathetic nervous signals to travel up I down to reach more distant body regions
spinal levels of sympathetic nervous output from the spinal cord
T1-L2
Identify the 3 main branches of the Celiac trunk
common hepatic a .
left gastric a .
splenic a
Are the common hepatic a, left gastric a and splenic a pre-aortic or para-aortic
pre-aortic
What is the principle lymphatic vessel that drains the abdomen
thoracic duct
Identify the three main thoracic splanchnic nerves and their root values
- greater splanchnic
Root Value: T5 - 9 - lesser splanchnic
Root Value: T10-11 - least splanchnic
Root Value: T12
What important difference distinguishes the Pelvic Splanchnic nerves from all other splanchnic nerves
they are the only splanchnic nerves that carry parasympathetic fibres , they do not originate from the sympathetic trunks , they originate directly fromthe anterior rami of S2-S4
Identify which parts of the gut the Vagus nerve and Pelvic Splanchnic nerves innervate
Vagus nerve: Foregut and midgut
Pelvic splanchnic: Hindgut
Name all the quandrants of the abdomen
- Epigastric – denotes the area of the abdomen in the midline around the position of the stomach
- Hypochondrium – denotes the area of the abdomen to the left and right of the epigastric region below the ribs and their associated cartilages
- Umbilical – denotes the area around the belly button
- Suprapubic – denotes the area of the abdomen in the midline superior to the pubic bones
- Inguinal – “Of the Groin”
- Flank – relating to the side of abdomen between the ribs and hip
Where do the following ligaments run to and from
Hepatogastric
Hepatoduodenal
Splenorenal
Gastrosplenic
“Hepatogastric Ligament” = a peritoneal ligament that runs between the Liver and the Stomach
“Hepatoduodenal Ligament” = a peritoneal ligament that runs between the Liver and the Duodenum
“Splenorenal Ligament” = a peritoneal ligament that runs between the Spleen and the Kidney
“Gastrosplenic Ligament” = a peritoneal ligament that runs between the Stomach and the Spleen (
Label the regions of the abdomen
Lecture Slide
Label the abdominal aorta
Lecture Slide
What spinal level is the celiac trunk, Superior mescentric artery (SMA), inferior mescentric artery (IMA)
Celiac trunk: T12
SMA L1
IMA L3
Label other arteries from main aorta in abodomen
Lecture Slide
Foregut
3 components and what is contained within each of them
- Component viscera
* Distal Oesophagus
* Stomach
* Liver + Gall Bladder
* Proximal 1⁄2 of Duodenum
* Pancreas - Neurovascular
- Arterial = Branches of Coeliac Axis (Abd. Aorta @T12)
- Venous drainage = Portal Vein
- Nerve plexus = Coeliac Plexus (@T12) - Lymphatics
* Pre-Aortic nodes @T12 (coeliac nodes)
Organs in foregut
Liver, gallbladder, duodenum, Stomach, pancreas
Foregut
-borders
Superior: Ribs 5/6
Inferior: L1 (trans-pyloric plane)
Epigastric: (To left of the midline)
Foregut: Stomach layers
3 muscle layers in the wall of the stomach
- Outer = Longitudinal
- Middle = Circular
- Inner = Oblique
Label the areas of the stomach
Lecture Slide
Stomach
- blood supply to each region of stomach
Lesser Curvature - 2 arteries anastamose
* Left Gastric (Coeliac Trunk)
*Right Gastric (Common Hepatic)
Greater Curvature- 2 arteries anastamose
* Left Gastro-omental (Splenic)
Right Gastro-omental (Gastroduodenal) ((Common Hepatic))
Fundus
* Short Gastric (Splenic)
Foregut/Midgut: Duodenum
-starts from?
-How many parts and where they are
Origin: immediately following pyloric region of the stomach
(1st Part) (Trans-Pyloric Plane)
2nd Part Wraps around head of Pancreas (RHS of midline)
3rd Part crosses back over IVC & Aorta
4th part ascends to Duodenojejunal flexure (LHS
of midline)
Foregut/midgut: Duodenum
- What parts are intraperitoneal and what is retroperitoneal
1st Part = Intraperitoneal
2nd, 3rd & 4th = Retroperitoneal
Foregut/Midgut: Duodenum
-arterial supply
-ANS nervous supply
-Venous drainage
-Lymphatic drainage
- Superior half = Superior Pancreaticoduodenal branches (From Gastroduodenal artery ‐ Coeliac origin)
- Inferior half = Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal branches
- (From Superior Mesenteric origin)
ANS Nervous Supply:
changesbetween
retroperitona
* Superior Half = Coeliac Plexus @T12
* Inferior Half = Superior Mesenteric Plexus @L1
Venous Drainage:
* Superior half = Direct to Portal Vein
* Inferior half = Superior Mesenteric vein (SMV)
Lymphatic Drainage:
Superior half = Pre‐aortic Coeliac nodes @T12
Inferior half = Pre‐aortic Sup. Mesenteric nodes @L1
Foregut/Midgut: Duodenum
- What is ampulla of vater
Union of Common Bile Duct & Main Pancreatic Duct
Foregut/Midgut: Duodenum
- what is major duodenal papilla?
- role
- Enters through wall of Descending Duodenum (2nd Part)
- Controls flow of Bile (from Liver) and Pancreatic Juice (from Pancreas) into the Duodenum via the Sphincter of Oddi
Midgut
-organs
-neurovascular
-lymphatics
Component Viscera:
* Distal Half of Duodenum
* Jejunum
* Ileum
* Caecum & Appendix
* Ascending Colon
* 2/3 Transverse Colon
Neurovascular:
* Arterial = Branches of SMA (Abd. Aorta @L1)
* Venous = SMV
* Nerve plexus = Sup. Mesenteric Plexus (@L1)
Lymphatics:
* Pre-Aortic nodes @L1 (Superior Mesenteric Nodes)
