Gullotta CH 2

Question 1

What are the main factors in a child’s development?

Answer 1

“Characteristics of the child”, “Characteristics & resources of the Caregiver”, “Biological Genetic Factors”, “Family Characteristics”, and “Social/Environmental characteristics” p. 22

Question 2

Sam (5) and Marge (3) are brother and sister with similar genetic code. Marge starts to develop behavior problems, but Sam does not. What is this an example of ?

Answer 2

Multifinality (p. 24)

Question 3

What plays a “vital role” in future brain development?

Answer 3

The prenatal environment because the foundation for brain development is essentially laid out during gestation. (p. 25)

Question 4

James an adopted child is experiencing aggressive behavior towards others and can’t seem to socialize appropriately for his age level. His adoptive parents do not know what to do at this point as James has been called to the principal’s office every day this week. His parents explain their parenting style and seem to support their child’s emotional expression, and learning. As a therapist, you delve into the family history and ask if he has had any previous diagnoses or history of symptoms. His parents disclose that his birth mom worked at a job with teratogens, and you find no diagnoses for James. What realms of environmental factors are most likely at play for James’ lack of socialization/aggression based on what was mentioned?

Answer 4

Prenatal environment as teratogens influence brain development.

There could also be factors involved with the learning environment and the social/cultural surrounding adoption, but it is not mentioned.

Question 5

what are the five major realms of environmental factors?

Answer 5

prenatal environment, physical environment, learning environment, emotional environment, social/cultural environment

Question 6

What is parenting style?

Answer 6

“the end result of an amalgamation of different parental behaviors” (p. 31)

Question 7

According to Baumrind (1971_ what are the three types of parenting styles?

Answer 7

Authoritarian, permissive and authoritative

Permissive can be either permissive-neglectful or permissive-indulgent.

Question 8

Mary and her son John are coming to therapy because John is getting trouble at school and is breaking the rules at home. You ask Mary what her parenting style is like and she says that rules are discussed and John generally collaborates with her, but she wants John to have autonomy. She mentions she is very nurturing and supportive of John, but can’t seem to harness control. What parenting style is Mary based on Baumrind’s 3 categories?

Answer 8

Mary is permissive. More specifically, Mary is specific-indulgent.

CH 2 specifically mentions “child input” and “nurturing”/”supportive”, but with lack of control.

Question 9

What parenting style has shown to develop children with less behavior problems?

Answer 9

Authoritative p. 31

Question 10

When does the process of socialization begin?

Answer 10

At birth

Question 11

What are some risks of children who do not form healthy attachments early in life?

Answer 11

social anxiety and attachment disorders later in life, child’s inability to regulate emotions and self-soothe, developing behavior problems, anxiety disorders, and antisocial behaviors (p. 33-34)

Question 12

By what age is the brain almost fully developed?

Answer 12

6

Question 13

What is the most universal problem that children face?

Answer 13

Marital or Caregiver conflict

Question 14

What are the four relationship patterns that suggest where problems might develop?

Answer 14

Marital or caregiver conflict
Emotional or behavioral challenges in one caregiver
Impairment of one or more children
Emotional distance